Effective population size (N) of organically and conventionally grown composite cross winter wheat populations depending on generation

Brumlop, Sarah; Weedon, Odette; Link, Wolfgang; Finckh, Maria R.

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2019.125922

Cited by 10 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In 2002, three composite cross populations (CCPs) were created in the UK through the complete half-diallel crossing of 20 parental varieties. The parental varieties (varietal release dates between 1934 and 2000) were chosen based on their agronomic performance under low-input conditions in Europe, as well as to ensure a wide genetic basis for the CCPs [40,43,44,46]. The first CCP was created through the crossing of 12 high baking quality parental varieties, thereafter referred to as CCQ (Composite Cross Quality).…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third CCP was created through the crossing of 8Y × 11Q parental varieties and Bezostaya with all 19 others and is therefore referred to as CCYQ (Composite Cross Yield × Quality). Four male sterile lines were included in the initial crosses in order to encourage outcrossing within the CCPs and the F 2 seeds of these initial crosses were bulked and multiplied at four sites across the UK until the F 4 (for detailed descriptions see [40,43,44] ) . Since 2005 (F 5 ), the three CCPs have been grown at the experimental research station of the University of Kassel in Neu-Eichenberg, Hessen, under both organic (O) and conventional (C) management.…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Year (experimental season) was used as a fixed factor for each separate growing system as year and generation are inseparable for the CCPs. Thus year effects should be seen as year × generation effects [44]. For all analyses, fixed and random factor interactions were included or eliminated depending on the model with the lowest Akaike Information (AIC) and Bayesian Information (BIC) Criterion fitted by the maximum log-likelihood.…”

Section: Stability Parameters and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was followed by above average temperatures during which the soil slowly thawed and little precipitation in February and March. These conditions led to severe drought stress and winterkill (see [43,44] for more details).…”

Section: Stability Parameters and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we present the results of a yield stability analysis on a number of winter wheat CCPs and pure line varieties that were grown under both organic and conventional management for up to 10 experimental years. In 2002, three winter wheat CCPs were created through the crossing of 20 carefully selected parental varieties by the John Innes Centre and in collaboration with the Elm Farm Research Centre, UK [40,43,44]. Since 2005, these three heterogeneous winter wheat populations have been multiplied annually at the University of Kassel, Neu-Eichenberg, under differing management systems (organic and conventional) and subject to natural selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Winter Wheat Populations Differ in Yield Stability Depending on their Genetic Background and Management System

Weedon

Finckh

2019

Sustainability

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Twelve winter wheat composite cross populations (CCPs), based on three genetic backgrounds and maintained at the University of Kassel, Germany, under both organic and conventional management, were assessed for yield performance and stability in comparison to two commercial varieties over eight and 10 experimental years. A number of stability parameters were chosen in order to identify populations with either adaptation to specific environments or broad adaptation across environments. The genetic effects of the CCP parental varieties were clearly present when comparing CCP yield performance in both management systems. Compared to the variety ‘Capo’, CCPs yielded similarly under organic, but poorer under conventional conditions. Under both management systems, CCPs with the broadest or with a more modern (high yielding) genetic base achieved the greatest yield stability, exceeding that of ‘Capo’, and demonstrating the buffering capacity of genetic diversity. CCPs with a genetic background of high yielding parents reacted most strongly to the different environments and apparently diverged under conventional management over time. Possibilities to improve CCPs through the addition of new genetic material while maintaining the benefits of diversity to achieve higher and more stable yields, particularly in light of increasingly unpredictable climatic conditions are discussed.

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Section: Experimental Materials and Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Materials and Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stability Parameters and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stability Parameters and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Winter Wheat Populations Differ in Yield Stability Depending on their Genetic Background and Management System

Weedon

Finckh

2019

Sustainability

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Performance and evolutionary adaptation of heterogeneous wheat populations

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of heterogeneous composite cross populations (CCPs) to increase sustainability and resilience of wheat cropping systems, a so far largely neglected approach. For this purpose, 10 CCPs originating from one CCP created in 2001 and having evolved under different environmental conditions since the F5, were compared in the F15 and F16 with 10 recently released cultivars and 10 inbred lines extracted randomly from the populations. Field trials were performed over 2 years at 2 organic and 2 conventional locations. Under organic conditions, yields of the CCPs were similar to those of recent commercial cultivars with comparable protein content, and considerably higher than that of the inbred lines. Under conventional conditions, conventionally-bred cultivars outyielded the other experimental entries. The organically-bred cultivars had the highest protein contents in both farming systems followed by the CCPs and the conventionally-bred cultivars. The yield stability and foliar disease resistances of CCPs was on average higher than that of the commercial cultivars and considerably higher than that of the inbred lines, indicating that the higher stability of the CCPs was due to their high genetic diversity, not to their genetic background. CCPs that had evolved in different environments differed in some morphological and phenological traits, indicating that adaptation to environmental conditions had taken place through natural selection. Greater tillering capacity and increased soil cover of CCPs in the juvenile stage compared to the inbred lines indicates niche complementarity in the CCPs, that may contribute to improved resource use and to an overall ecological intensification. We conclude, that the cultivation of CCPs or similar heterogeneous populations represents an important opportunity to increase the resilience of wheat cultivation, which should be given greater consideration in future research and breeding.

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Evolutionary Plant Breeding as a Response to the Complexity of Climate Change

Ceccarelli

Grando

2020

iScience

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Summary Climate change is one of the processes that have already overstepped the safe planetary boundaries, together with the rate of biodiversity loss and human interference with the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. The three processes are related to agriculture and, as such, to both food safety and food security, and ultimately to human health. Adaptation to climate change is a difficult breeding objective because of its complexity, its unpredictability, and its location specificity. However, one strategy exists, which is based on a more dynamic use of agrobiodiversity in agriculture through the cultivation of evolutionary populations. In this review, we show how the translation into agricultural practice of nearly 100 years of research on evolutionary populations and mixtures is able to address the complexity of climate change while stabilizing yield, decreasing the use of most agrochemicals, thus reducing emissions and producing healthy food.

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Effective population size (N) of organically and conventionally grown composite cross winter wheat populations depending on generation

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Heterogeneous Winter Wheat Populations Differ in Yield Stability Depending on their Genetic Background and Management System

Heterogeneous Winter Wheat Populations Differ in Yield Stability Depending on their Genetic Background and Management System

Performance and evolutionary adaptation of heterogeneous wheat populations

Evolutionary Plant Breeding as a Response to the Complexity of Climate Change

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