Effective methods to change sex-risk among drug users: a review of psychosocial interventions

Alcohol, cannabis, and methamphetamine use and other risk behaviours among Black and Coloured South African women: A small randomized trial in the Western Cape

“…Social support from peers is an important factor for group intervention durability and sustainability (Shain et al, 1999;Kelly et al, 1994;van Empelen, Kok, van Kesteren, van den Borne, Bos, & Schaalma, 2003). If effective, a group format is also a more cost-effective intervention than an individual format.…”

Multilevel Interventions: Study Design and Analysis Issues

“…One can intervene to affect health behaviors at several levels, such as individuals (1)(2)(3)(4), groups (1), families (5), schools (5), worksites (6), religious organizations (7), health-care plans or organizations, physicians or clinics (2,3,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), and neighborhoods (4) or communities (1,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Many health researchers are interested in developing, implementing, and evaluating multilevel interventions (1,3,5,(18)(19)(20) because they believe that we are most likely to achieve substantial and sustained change with interventions based on ecological theory that target multiple levels, or sources of influence (6,18,(21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Stigma in the Dutch Health Care Sector: HIV-Positive Substance Users’ Experiences and Health Care Providers’ Perspectives

“…The improvement of these interactions requires the development and implementation of multi-layered interventions [17,[45][46][47][48] in health care settings that are underpinned by political will, financial support, and the commitment of institutions to stigma reduction [37,49]. These kinds of macro supports for interpersonal and organizational interventions are imperative if interventions are to be successful.…”