Effective Insensitiveness of Melamine Urea-Formaldehyde Resin via Interfacial Polymerization on Nitramine Explosives

Jia, Xiaoqing; Wang, Jingyu; Hou, Conghua; Tan, Yingxin; Yuan, Yunfei

doi:10.1186/s11671-018-2803-z

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…This indicates that the thermally robust PDA can inhibit the phase transition of HMX crystal. The inhibition effect has been observed in other coating materials such as thermoplastic polyester‐ether elastomer (TPEE) and melamine urea‐formaldehyde (MUF), [ 18,51 ] but the inhibition of PDAis the most striking. This may be attributed to the heat‐resistance of formed PDA shell constraining the volume change of crystal transformation and the endothermic effect of PDA chain segment thermal motion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Strategy for HMX@hBNNS Dual Shell Energetic Composites with Enhanced Desensitization and Improved Thermal Property

Zhang

Gao

Jia

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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tetraoxaisowurtzitane (TEX), [8] and so forth. However, long-terms of researches manifest that there exist two opposite aspects in most HEDMs since the inherent defects of their molecular structures, the contradiction between high energy and low sensitivity. [9,10] Most powerful energetic materials are susceptible to external stimulations, and the investigation and storage of them may bring momentous disaster. Several strategies have been used to address this problem so far, such as designing and synthesizing new energetic compounds, [11-13] morphology optimization of EM, [14] cocrystallization with low sensitivity energetic crystals, [15] and preparing polymer bonded explosive (PBX). [16-18] Among these approaches, PBXs consisting of 90-95 wt% of energetic crystals and 5-10 wt% of polymer binder or other components is facile and efficient, which can combine the merits of polymer materials without destroying the inherent structures of energetic crystals. [19] One of the key indicators evaluating the PBXs is the coverage degree of fillers on energetic crystals, while it is not ideal by the traditional method such as water suspension and kneading. [20] Up to now, it has been proved that in situ polymerization is an important and matured way to construct polymer coated core-shell structures, [21,22] and it is also applied to prepare the core-shell energetic materials. [10,16,20] 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane (HMX) has been regarded as a kind of high-performance explosive with good thermal stability, high energy and density, and has extensive application in aerospace industry and military engineering. However, the high sensitivity remains the major constraint to its applications. In our previous works, we have prepared the HMX@urea-formaldehyde (UF) composites and HMX@polyaniline (PANI) composites with significant reduced sensitivity via in situ polymerization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Strategy for HMX@hBNNS Dual Shell Energetic Composites with Enhanced Desensitization and Improved Thermal Property

Zhang

Gao

Jia

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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“…In striking contrast to the mixture, the MF resin shell of CSE was well connected and maintained fairly high mechanical resistance under vigorous stirring. Urea formaldehyde (UF) resin [ 61 ] and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin [ 62 ] were also utilized to fabricate HMX and CL-20. Studies indicate that this kind of resin with mild reaction conditions and desirable mechanical and stability performance are accommodative in the framework of CSEs.…”

Section: Preparation Methods For Csesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Art of Framework Construction: Core–Shell Structured Micro-Energetic Materials

Duan¹,

Li²,

Hu³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Weak interfacial interactions remain a bottleneck for composite materials due to their weakened performance and restricted applications. The development of core–shell engineering shed light on the preparation of compact and intact composites with improved interfacial interactions. This review addresses how core–shell engineering has been applied to energetic materials, with emphasis upon how micro-energetic materials, the most widely used particles in the military field, can be generated in a rational way. The preparation methods of core–shell structured explosives (CSEs) developed in the past few decades are summarized herein. Case studies on polymer-, explosive- and novel materials-based CSEs are presented in terms of their compositions and physical properties (e.g., thermal stability, mechanical properties and sensitivity). The mechanisms behind the dramatic and divergent properties of CSEs are also clarified. A glimpse of the future in this area is given to show the potential for CSEs and some suggestions regarding the future research directions are proposed.

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“…At a certain heating rate, the energy absorbed from the outside over a period of time increases, and the activity of the explosive particles accordingly increases, thereby lowering the maximum decomposition peak temperature. Surprisingly, the thermal decomposition peak temperature of sample-2 was significantly earlier than that of sample-1, which should relate to the large agglomeration of particles 5 Journal of Nanomaterials [18]. In general, compared to the explosive refined via recrystallization (sample-2), the thermal decomposition peak temperature of the particles prepared by SDAS technology (sample-1) was relatively inconspicuous in advance, and the thermal stability was relatively better.…”

Section: Crystal Structure Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fabrication and Characterization of Submicron Scale Spherical RDX, HMX, and CL-20 without Soft Agglomeration

Jia

Wei

et al. 2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

Self Cite

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In this study, a novel spray drying-assisted self-assembly (SDAS) technology was proposed to prepare submicron elemental explosives with good morphology, uniform dispersion, and low sensitivity and spherical submicron RDX, HMX, and CL-20 particles without soft agglomeration were fabricated via such a method. Structural characterizations and thermal stability of the composites were systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Moreover, safety performance was analyzed by qualitative testing of impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity. The XRD analysis demonstrated that HMX and CL-20 refined by SDAS maintained the crystal structure of β-HMX and ε-CL-20 before and after refinement, whereas the HMX crystal structure after spray recrystallization refinement was transformed from β-HMX to α-HMX. The DSC results indicated that the thermal decomposition peak temperature of the three particles refined by the SDAS technology had a minimum advancement, and the thermal stability of the particles was relatively superior. More importantly, the H50 of the RDX, HMX, and CL-20 refined by this novel method was increased to 48.3 cm, 44.6 cm, and 31.1 cm, and the probability of friction explosion was decreased to 62%, 62%, and 80%, respectively, thus significantly improving the safety performance as compared with the sample refined by spray recrystallization.

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Effective Insensitiveness of Melamine Urea-Formaldehyde Resin via Interfacial Polymerization on Nitramine Explosives

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Bioinspired Strategy for HMX@hBNNS Dual Shell Energetic Composites with Enhanced Desensitization and Improved Thermal Property

Bioinspired Strategy for HMX@hBNNS Dual Shell Energetic Composites with Enhanced Desensitization and Improved Thermal Property

The Art of Framework Construction: Core–Shell Structured Micro-Energetic Materials

Fabrication and Characterization of Submicron Scale Spherical RDX, HMX, and CL-20 without Soft Agglomeration

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