Effective German and English Language mHealth Apps for Self-management of Bronchial Asthma in Children and Adolescents: Comparison Study (Preprint)

Abstract

BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) apps hold great potential for asthma self-management. Data on the suitability of asthma apps intended for children are insufficient, and the availability of German language apps is still inadequate compared with English language apps. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify functional asthma apps for children in German and to compare them with English language apps. In line with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, the Google Play Store and Apple App Store are systematically searched to preselect the most efficient apps, which are then compared according to a self-compiled criteria catalog. METHODS Both app stores were screened for the term <i>asthma</i>. Following a PRISMA preselection process, the apps that met the inclusion criteria (ie, available free of charge, German or English language, and suitable for children) were rated by 3 independent persons following a criteria catalog consisting of 9 categories, some conceived for this purpose (<i>availability</i>, <i>child-friendly</i>, <i>learning factor</i>, and <i>range of functions</i>) and some adopted from existing validated catalogs (<i>functionality and design</i>, <i>ease of use</i>, <i>potential for improving asthma self-management</i>, <i>fun factor and incentives</i>, and <i>information management and medical accuracy</i>). The highest rated apps in German and English were compared. RESULTS A total of 403 apps were identified on the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store. Finally, 24 apps that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. In the first step of the quality assessment, only 4 available German language asthma apps were compared with 20 English language asthma apps. The 4 German language apps were then compared with the 4 highest rated English language apps. All selected apps, independent of the language, were comparable in the following categories: <i>availability</i>, <i>functionality and design</i>, <i>ease of use</i>, and <i>information management and medical accuracy</i>. The English language apps scored significantly higher in the following categories: <i>potential for improving self-management</i>, <i>child-friendly</i>, <i>fun factor</i>, <i>learning factor</i>, and <i>range of function</i>. English language apps (mean total points 34.164, SD 1.09) performed significantly better than German language asthma apps (mean total points 22.91, SD 2.898; <i>P</i>=.003). The best rated English language app was <i>Kiss my asthma</i> (36/42 points), whereas the best rated German language app <i>Kata</i> achieved only 27.33 points. CONCLUSIONS The recommended English language apps are <i>Kiss my asthma</i>, <i>AsthmaXcel</i>, <i>AsthmaAustralia</i>, and <i>Ask Me, AsthMe!,</i> whereas the only recommended German language app is <i>Kata</i>. The use of apps plays an increasingly important role in patients’ lives and in the medical field, making mHealth a staple in the future of asthma treatment plans. Although validated recommendations on rating mHealth apps have been published, it remains a challenging task for physicians and patients to choose a suitable app for each case, especially in non–English-speaking countries. CLINICALTRIAL