Effective brain connectivity estimation between active brain regions in autism using the dual Kalman-based method

Abstract

Brain connectivity estimation is a useful method to study brain functions and diagnose neuroscience disorders. Effective connectivity is a subdivision of brain connectivity which discusses the causal relationship between different parts of the brain. In this study, a dual Kalman-based method is used for effective connectivity estimation. Because of connectivity changes in autism, the method is applied to autistic signals for effective connectivity estimation. For method validation, the dual Kalman based method is compared with other connectivity estimation methods by estimation error and the dual Kalman-based method gives acceptable results with less estimation errors. Then, connectivities between active brain regions of autistic and normal children in the resting state are estimated and compared. In this simulation, the brain is divided into eight regions and the connectivity between regions and within them is calculated. It can be concluded from the results that in the resting state condition the effective connectivity of active regions is decreased between regions and is increased within each region in autistic children. In another result, by averaging the connectivity between the extracted active sources of each region, the connectivity between the left and right of the central part is more than that in other regions and the connectivity in the occipital part is less than that in others.

Attenuated effective connectivity of large-scale brain networks in children with autism spectrum disorders

“…In the study on effective connectivity of ASD, Rajabioun et al (2020) found that in the resting state, the effective connectivity between active areas of children with ASD reduced, which was consistent with the results of reduced effective connectivity of children with ASD in this paper. In addition, we found that the effective connection from ANG_R of DMN to PreCG_L of SMN and ADOS_G_STEREO_BEHAV score had significant negative correlation.…”

“…Effective connectivity has been defined as the effect of neurological activity in one brain region on another brain region. Unlike functional connectivity, effective connectivity can estimate the direction of information transfer of neural activity ( Rajabioun et al, 2020 ), which helps to understand the brain mechanisms behind neural activity. Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) ( Friston et al, 2003 ) is a common approach to effective connectivity.…”