Effective atomic numbers for W/Cu alloy using transmission experiments

Effective atomic numbers for W/Cu alloy for total photon attenuation

“…Even though the measured Z eff values show a decreasing trend with energy, the energy dependence of the value is not strong in the present energy region. As pointed out in our earlier studies (Murty et al, 2000), both the expressions do not indicate a strong energy dependence of the effective atomic number.…”

“…Very few experimental measurements are available on the estimation of these numbers at high energies. Further, discrepancies have been observed (Murty et al, 2000) between the measured effective atomic number values; and the estimated values using Hine's formula in the energy region 60-380 keV. In the present study, attenuation experiments were conducted in the photon energy region 100-1400 keV in W/Cu alloys, with two compositions, W 65%/Cu 35% and W 60%/Cu 40% to explore further the validity of the mixture rule and to see whether any energy dependence of the effective atomic number could be seen.…”

Effect of atomic number and atomic weight on time-dependent inelastic deformation in metals

“…Furthermore, the relations between atomic number and composition weight ratio in smart material have been investigated [13]. Important studies on effective atomic numbers have been extensively performed in some materials by many researchers [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Novel, trustworthy and practical semi-empirical equation based on the total interaction cross sections (σ t ) was proposed to obtain the values of the effective atomic number (Z eff ) of the 3d transition metal alloys [21].…”

Determination of the effective atomic numbers of Fe$_{x}$Cu$_{1-x} $binary ferroalloys using a nondestructive technique: Rayleigh-to-Compton scattering ratio

“…The literature contains many studies regarding the calculation of Z ef f of alloys using attenuation or scattering methods. Transmission condition or geometry, based on attenuation of * Correspondence: mehmet.buyukyildiz@yalova.edu.tr photons, has been widely used to determine Z ef f of alloys [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. On the other hand, the Rayleigh-to-Compton scattering ratio is a nondestructive technique that provides useful data about the crystal structure and physical properties of materials and is based on the measurement of Rayleigh and Compton scattered photons emerging from the sample of composite material in a suitable source-sample-detector arrangement.…”