Effective and Inexpensive HPLC Analogue for First-Year Students: Buret Chromatography of Food Dyes in Drinks

Photo-oxidation is one of the main causes of oxidative deterioration in food. Understanding of the mechanisms of photo-oxidation is essential for food science students when pursuing careers in food safety and quality assurance. However, few food chemistry laboratories emphasize photo-oxidation. Thus, we develop a laboratory activity that trains students to evaluate the level of photo-oxidation by monitoring the early (photosensitizer), middle (dissolved oxygen), and late [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value] indicators of photo-oxidation in a full-fat milk model under two types of light spectra (fluorescent and LED light). Through data analysis and post-laboratory discussion, students well understood the mechanism of photo-oxidation and the effect of light wavelength on the rate of reaction in food products by characterizing the oxidation kinetics at different stages of oxidation. This laboratory was designed for upper-level undergraduate students of food science and technology majors (n = 30), the learning outcome shows that students acquire practical skills in operating instruments that they may encounter in food industry as well as quantitative analytical methods that are used to estimate the shelf life of food products.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Photo-oxidation in Full-Fat Milk under Different Light Spectra: A Laboratory Experiment in Food Chemistry

WANG

Zhu

et al. 2022

“…In 2001, the annual worldwide sales of Ginkgo biloba were higher than US $21 billion . High performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, is the industry standard for quantification of components in mixtures. − Chen et al used HPLC to analyze 14 Ginkgo biloba samples (tablets and capsules), an American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP)-verified G. biloba leaf sample, and three G. biloba standard reference materials (SRM 3246, leaf material; SRM 3247, extracts of G. biloba leaves; and SRM 3248, tablet).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching Principal Component Analysis Using a Free and Open Source Software Program and Exercises Applying PCA to Real-World Examples

Sidou

Borges

2020

Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most important and powerful methods in chemometrics as well as in a wealth of other areas. Running a PCA results in two main elements, the score plot and the loading plot; the score plot provides the location of the samples, and the loading plot indicates correlations among variables, the trends in the grouping of samples, and the most important variables. In the past 10 years teaching chemometrics, we have struggled with not having free software with an easy to use graphical user interface for data handling and calculations. In this paper, we provide a series of examples that students used to carry PCA in R-Project, a free and open source software program. In the first example, students used PCA to find correlations among chemical properties of chemical elements and relate these properties with the periodic distribution of the elements. In the second example, meat samples were grouped using 14 variables, and students could observe how outlier samples might influence the PCA model; in this case, they were also taught how to use the t test to choose the variables that were significant to the PCA model. In the third example, healthy patients were differentiated from diabetic patients using 163 lipid concentrations. In the fourth example, Atlantic salmon samples were differentiated from catfish samples. In the fifth and sixth examples, students were able to observe how data treatment affects the classification of natural products and edible oils, respectively.

“…In this experiment, originally described in this journal, the food dyes in a powdered drink mix are separated using column chromatography . A powdered drink mix with both Red 40 and Blue 1 dyes is selected for analysis.…”

Section: Overview Of Laboratory Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this experiment, originally described in this journal, the food dyes in a powdered drink mix are separated using column chromatography. 16 A powdered drink mix with both Red 40 and Blue 1 dyes is selected for analysis. A column is prepared using a small plastic syringe, with the plunger removed, and using silica gel as the stationary phase.…”

Section: Chromatography Of Food Dyes In Powdered Drink Mixesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lab-in-a-Box: A Guide for Remote Laboratory Instruction in an Instrumental Analysis Course

Miles

Wells

2020

Hands-on learning in a laboratory is an integral part of the undergraduate experience for chemistry students. However, with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, an opportunity for this approach was not possible. The pandemic has been forcing instructors to explore the remote setting instead of the laboratory. There are several commercially available kits for remote laboratory instruction in general chemistry, organic chemistry, and biochemistry. Kits provide students with a majority of necessary items to conduct scientific experiments in their homes. Unfortunately, there are no commercially available kit options for laboratory exercises in an instrumental analysis course. Here, we describe a homemade kit that focuses on two important pillars of instrumental analysis: spectroscopy and chromatography. The total cost of the kit is about 700 USD; this amount can be reduced significantly if a "do-ityourself" spectrometer is employed instead of a commercial model. Details about kit contents and experiments performed are described.