Effecten van nanoplastics in het mariene milieu getest in mesocosms

Foekema, E.M.; Slijkerman, D.M.E.; Sonneveld, Cor; Weide, B.E. van der; Wei, Yongdan

doi:10.18174/429280

Cited by 3 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Mosselkwekers zijn vooral bezorgd dat zware metalen uit de staalslakken kunnen vrijkomen in het zeewater en vervolgens door mosselen worden opgenomen, waardoor de gehaltes aan zware metalen in het mosselvlees te hoog worden voor consumptie of de mosselen mogelijk kunnen sterven. Er is in de afgelopen jaren veelvuldig onderzoek gedaan naar uitloging van (zware) metalen uit staalslakken en effecten daarvan op bodemdieren (Dubbeldam, 2011, Jansen et al, 2015, Tangelder et al, 2015a, Foekema et al, 2016, Escaravage en Kamermans, 2018.…”

Section: Aanleidingunclassified

“…In deze periode van 'veroudering' zullen kalkrijke slakken uit elkaar vallen, waarna deze uit de partij kunnen worden gezeefd. Voor waterbouw mogen alleen staalslakken worden gebruikt die bovengenoemde procedure hebben ondergaan (Foekema et al, 2016).…”

Section: Uitlogingunclassified

“…Uit de veldmonitoring blijkt dat de vanadium-en nikkelgehalten in Japanse oesters in de Oosterschelde bemonsterd op een ondergrond van staalslakken en breukstenen niet verschillen van Japanse oesters bemonsterd op een referentielocatie (Zuidbout). De gehalten aan vanadium en nikkel in de veldmonitoring zijn vergelijkbaar met de gehalten van het referentiemateriaal (zeegrind) in het mesocosmexperiment (Foekema et al, 2016); zie sectie 3.4. Ook zijn er geen evidente tijdstrends van vanadium en nikkel in mosselen en oesters bij een monitoringslocatie bij de Zeelandbrug te zien (Glorius en Van den Heuvel-Greve, 2016).…”

Section: Metaalgehalten In Organismenunclassified

“…Omdat veldmonitoring afhankelijk is van lokale omstandigheden en autonome ontwikkelingen is er besloten om in 2015 uitloogexperimenten uit te voeren onder in zogenaamde mesocosms van 2 m 3 (Foekema et al, 2016, Foekema et al, 2021. Een mesocosm is een experimentele vijveropstelling met water en verschillende biota die uitermate geschikt zijn om effecten op het ecosysteem in semi-gecontroleerde condities te onderzoeken.…”

Section: Mesocosm Experimentenunclassified

“…Voor het volgen van de opname van stoffen zijn blaaswier, mosselen, doorschijnende zakpijpen en broodsponzen apart in de mesocosms geplaatst zodat deze eenvoudig tussentijds konden worden bemonsterd. De mesocoms zijn continue doorstroomd met water uit de Oosterschelde met een verversing representatief voor de Oosterschelde (350 liter h -1 ,) (Foekema et al, 2016) en 35 maal lagere verversing (10 liter h -1 ,). Na acclimatisatie is de helft van de zandbodem in de mesocosms afgedekt met LD-staalslakken (45-180 mm), breukstenen (90-150 mm) of grind.…”

Section: Mesocosm Experimentenunclassified

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Uitloging LD-staalslakken : Overzicht bestaande kennis van de effecten bij toepassing in de Ooster- en Westerschelde

Wijsman,

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Section: Aanleidingunclassified

Section: Uitlogingunclassified

Section: Metaalgehalten In Organismenunclassified

Section: Mesocosm Experimentenunclassified

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Benthic macrofauna under extremes

Zhou

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Extreme weather events are increasing in intensity, duration, and frequency, and threatening tidal flat ecosystems due to global climate change. Benthic macrofauna plays essential roles in biogeomorphic feedback as ecosystem engineers, yet they are prone to extreme environmental fluctuations in storms and drying tidal regimes. Moreover, modern globalization has accelerated the invasion of introduced species, which compete with native species for natural resources. Therefore, studying how benthic macrofauna responds to climate-change-induced extreme weather events may convey an essential message on short-term equilibrium and the long-term development of tidal flat ecosystems. A mesocosm system was designed and customized in the lab to mimic the heatwaves with contrasting magnitudes and durations on tidal flats. Simulated heatwaves were imposed on the model bioturbator species Cerastoderma edule living in different micro-topographies and sediment types, to study the response of bioturbation activities under thermal stress (Chapters 2 & 3). Besides individual-level response, an in-situ experiment was applied to study the effects of repeated storm events on benthic community structure, using a raking treatment to mimic storm-induced sediment disturbance (Chapter 4). Moreover, the effects of compound extreme weather events on species shift were studied by imposing different salinity settings and heatwave profiles on the native C. edule and an introduced bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum (Chapters 5). Macrobenthos' response on the individual level is categorized into the “fight, flight, or freeze” framework. Bioturbators increase metabolic rates to “fight” against the thermal stress and maintain optimal physiological conditions (Chapters 2); they burrowed deeper during low tide to escape from (“flight”) the thermal stress, thereby causing more sediment mixings (Chapters 2 & 3); they reduce activity and metabolism (“freeze”) to maintain basic physiological functions under acute extreme stress or long-term intermediate stress (Chapter 5). On the community level, internal environmental stress can select species with specific biological traits, while species with unfitting traits decrease in abundance (Chapter 4). Moreover, compound extreme weather events may create “disturbance-driven establishing windows” that benefit the introduced species to overtake native species (Chapter 5).

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Weathering the storm

Wiesebron

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Benthic macrofauna are a key component of intertidal ecosystems. Not only do they provide food for birds and fish, their mobility and behavior determine processes like nutrient cycling and the biogeomorphic development of intertidal flats. Local environmental conditions shape benthic macrofauna assemblages as well as the functions these perform. Because benthic macrofauna assemblages and behavior underpin many ecosystem services, it is vital to know how they respond to the highly variable environmental conditions of the intertidal. While some effects of sediment characteristics (like grain size) on benthic macrofauna are already well-studied, others (like bulk density) are less well-known. In addition, because climate change may increase the frequency and intensity of winter storms, the ability to tolerate extremes in sediment dynamics may become more important for shaping benthic macrofauna assemblages in the future. Though extreme sediment deposition has been investigated for its effects on benthic macrofauna, the effects of extreme sediment erosion have been rarely studied. Finally, the coasts are some of the most widely used and impacted areas in the world. Knowing which suite of sediment characteristics are suitable for which assemblages is very important for planning restoration initiatives which seek to improve habitat quality for benthic macrofauna. In this thesis, I examine the response of benthic macrofauna assemblages and behavior to dynamic sediment drivers. In particular, I focus on detecting behaviors and traits that confer resilience to benthic macrofauna against disturbances and extremes in sediment dynamics. In Chapter 1, I introduce benthic macrofauna-sediment interactions and how these are modulated by environmental disturbances and biotic resilience. In Chapter 2, I use a mesocosm experiment to uncover the effects of sediment bulk density, a little studied but important sediment characteristic, on benthic macrofauna burrowing and bioturbation behavior. This study shows that bulk density had a strong effect: benthic macrofauna burrowed faster and bioturbated more intensely in softer sediments, regardless of grain size. In Chapters 3 and 4, I examine the effects of storm-induced erosion on bivalves, which are vulnerable to storms due to their low mobility. These chapters show how species-specific behaviors (Chapter 3) and size-dependent traits (Chapter 4) regulate tolerances to extreme sediment erosion, which has consequences for bivalve population trajectories and long-term species success in a more storm-disturbed intertidal. In Chapter 5, I analyze the concurrent development of the hydrogeomorphology and benthic macrofauna community at three restoration projects in the Netherlands’ Western Scheldt. This chapter suggests that while the creation of a low-dynamic habitat can stimulate benthic macrofauna biomass, extremely high silt content, which is typical for low-dynamic habitats, may slow the benthic community development. In Chapter 6, I summarize the thesis results and explore how we can increase the resilience of intertidal benthic macrofauna assemblages against climate change and anthropogenic pressure.

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Effecten van nanoplastics in het mariene milieu getest in mesocosms

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Uitloging LD-staalslakken : Overzicht bestaande kennis van de effecten bij toepassing in de Ooster- en Westerschelde

Uitloging LD-staalslakken : Overzicht bestaande kennis van de effecten bij toepassing in de Ooster- en Westerschelde

Benthic macrofauna under extremes

Weathering the storm

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