Effect on the parameters of the high-heel shoe and transfer time of ground reaction force during level walking

Hyun, Seung-Hyun; Kim, Young-Pyo; Ryew, Che-Cheong

doi:10.12965/jer.1632592.296

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Consequently, our AB-group wore shoes as well to create similar scenarios. Although some studies utilizing high heels suggest type of shoe affects the torque and COP 63 , 64 our participants were instructed to wear comfortable walking shoes whose sole height and stiffness did not vary much. Thus, our participants all wore similar styled/type shoes which may affect our between participant differences, but we believe that this should not impact our conclusion on the effect of co-contractions on postural sway as these were within participant comparisons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-contraction of ankle muscle activity during quiet standing in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury is associated with postural instability

Fok

Lee

Unger

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Previous findings indicate that co-contractions of plantarflexors and dorsiflexors during quiet standing increase the ankle mechanical joint stiffness, resulting in increased postural sway. Balance impairments in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) may be due to co-contractions like in other individuals with reduced balance ability. Here we investigated the effect of co-contraction between plantar- and dorsiflexors on postural balance in individuals with iSCI (iSCI-group) and able-bodied individuals (AB-group). Thirteen able-bodied individuals and 13 individuals with iSCI were asked to perform quiet standing with their eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). Kinetics and electromyograms from the tibialis anterior (TA), soleus and medial gastrocnemius were collected bilaterally. The iSCI-group exhibited more co-contractions than the AB-group (EO: 0.208% vs. 75.163%, p = 0.004; EC: 1.767% vs. 92.373%, p = 0.016). Furthermore, postural sway was larger during co-contractions than during no co-contraction in the iSCI-group (EO: 1.405 cm/s2 vs. 0.867 cm/s2, p = 0.023; EC: 1.831 cm/s2 vs. 1.179 cm/s2, p = 0.030), but no differences were found for the AB-group (EO: 0.393 cm/s2 vs. 0.499 cm/s2, p = 1.00; EC: 0.686 cm/s2 vs. 0.654 cm/s2, p = 1.00). To investigate the mechanism, we performed a computational simulation study using an inverted pendulum model and linear controllers. An increase of mechanical stiffness in the simulated iSCI-group resulted in increased postural sway (EO: 2.520 cm/s2 vs. 1.174 cm/s2, p < 0.001; EC: 4.226 cm/s2 vs. 1.836 cm/s2, p < 0.001), but not for the simulated AB-group (EO: 0.658 cm/s2 vs. 0.658 cm/s2, p = 1.00; EC: 0.943 cm/s2 vs. 0.926 cm/s2, p = 0.190). Thus, we demonstrated that co-contractions may be a compensatory strategy for individuals with iSCI to accommodate for decreased motor function, but co-contractions may result in increased ankle mechanical joint stiffness and consequently postural sway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-contraction of ankle muscle activity during quiet standing in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury is associated with postural instability

Fok

Lee

Unger

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…36 Recent studies showed that in the course of manufacturing, besides the design, material and shape of the shoes, more importance should be given to the proper height of the heels. 41 In terms of biomechanics, high-heel shoes cause great toe valgus, musculoskeletal pain, and first-party injury, while there is no conclusive proof for osteoarthritis and second-party injury. 42 A recent study reported a positive association between shoulder discomfort and high-heel shoes among women (p= 0.03).…”

Section: P R O V I S I O N a L L Y A C C E P T E D F O R P U B L I C ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical effects of high heeled shoes on neck pain among females – a narrative review

Mahmood¹,

Naqvi

Waseem

et al. 2022

J Pak Med Assoc

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Neck pain is the fourth leading cause of disability, and is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. High-heel shoes, one of the significant identities of females, cause pain in the neck as well as in feet and ankle regions. The current narrative review was planned to explore evidence to highlight the biomechanical factors of high-heel shoes as the source of neck pain, which mostly remains undiagnosed. PubMed and Google Scholar search engines were explored for full text of research articles published in English language from 2016 to 2021. Of the 82 studies initially found, 22(27%) were shortlisted for full-text assessment, and, of them, 6 (27.27%) were selected for detailed analysis. Despite other contributing factors, kinematics and kinetics should be considered primarily during neck pain management. Based on best available evidence, high heels increase the individual’s height, but result in significant decrease in trunk flexion. ---Continue

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“…Also female accentuates more on fashion rather than foot function during gait, that is, on high heel shoe. During level walking by high heel shoe did not control efficiently the GRF due to restricted control capacity of coefficient of frictional force and therefore could suggest an inducement of muscle fatigue, heightening a possibility of sliding and falling due to decrease of frictional force (Blanchette et al, 2011; Hyun et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Center of gravity (COG) was accelerated forwardly by three-dimensional external force during bipedal walking. Then the foot overloaded by body weight primarily absorbs and transfers ground reaction force (GRF) to whole body (Hyun et al, 2016). Thus human can adapt various surface environments with bipedal gait, but backpacking of bag and carrier in condition of increased velocity of COG before foot breaking may cause falling injury with difficulty of counteraction of angular momentum (Ko et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lower limb kinetic on carrying infant by hip seat carrier during high heel gait

Hyun¹,

Ryew²

2018

J Exerc Rehabil

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While common characteristics between wearing of high heel between carrying an infant elevate height of center of gravity, it is not known what interaction effect influence to leg stiffness. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of carrying infant by hip seat carrier on leg mechanics during high heel gait. Adult female (n= 9) and infant (n= 9) participated as subjects. Infant was positioned on rear of trunk as of wearing 6 cm of high heel shoe. Change of leg mechanics was analyzed with ground reaction force variables (1st peak vertical force [PVF], 2nd PVF, center of pressure [medial-lateral, anterior-posterior]), extrapolated center of mass (XCoM) theta, and leg stiffness. While carrying infant with wearing of high heel more increased 1st PVF, 2nd PVF, and leg stiffness than normal gait, and more decreased medial-lateral center of pressure and XCoM theta. High heel and carrying infant showed potential transformation of posture for securement of stability, which related with mechanism to decrease an impulse type. In conclusion, it is suggest that gait for long time in the condition may accumulate fatigue on leg and increase falling injury, so experts of clinics and exercise rehabilitation should understand the mechanism that could recommend guideline for exercise prescription on several problems.

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Effect on the parameters of the high-heel shoe and transfer time of ground reaction force during level walking

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Co-contraction of ankle muscle activity during quiet standing in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury is associated with postural instability

Co-contraction of ankle muscle activity during quiet standing in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury is associated with postural instability

Biomechanical effects of high heeled shoes on neck pain among females – a narrative review

Effect of lower limb kinetic on carrying infant by hip seat carrier during high heel gait

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