Effect ofMethanobrevibactersp MF1 Inoculation on Glycoside Hydrolase and Polysaccharide Depolymerase Activities, Wheat Straw Degradation and Volatile Fatty Acid Concentrations in the Rumen of Gnotobiotically-reared Lambs

Fonty, Gérard; Williams, Alan G.; Bonnemoy, Frédérique; Morvan, B.; Withers, Susan E.; Gouet, Philippe

doi:10.1006/anae.1997.0128

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In our animal models, the relatively high percentages of DM degradation illustrate an efficacious fibrolytic function in the rumens of both groups of lambs. The slight improvement of fiber degradation observed after establishment of methanogens is in accordance with previous findings in a similar animal model (19). Indeed, through interspecies hydrogen transfer, methanogens contribute to a low H 2 partial pressure, which is essential for optimal functioning of hydrolytic microorganisms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These microorganisms represent the main ruminal microbial community implicated in this pathway (33). Hydrogen transfer through methanogenesis is beneficial to the degradation of plant cell wall carbohydrates in the rumen (19,43,46). However, as a result of this process, methane is eructated by ruminants (400 to 500 liters per day per adult animal) and represents a loss of carbon and energy, accounting for 8 to 12% of the gross energy content of the diet (27,37,44).…”

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Influence of the Composition of the Cellulolytic Flora on the Development of Hydrogenotrophic Microorganisms, Hydrogen Utilization, and Methane Production in the Rumens of Gnotobiotically Reared Lambs

Chaucheyras‐Durand

Masseglia

Fonty

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We investigated the influence of the composition of the fibrolytic microbial community on the development and activities of hydrogen-utilizing microorganisms in the rumens of gnotobiotically reared lambs. Two groups of lambs were reared. The first group was inoculated with Fibrobacter succinogenes, a non-H 2 -producing species, as the main cellulolytic organism, and the second group was inoculated with Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and anaerobic fungi that produce hydrogen. The development of hydrogenotrophic bacterial communities, i.e., acetogens, fumarate and sulfate reducers, was monitored in the absence of methanogens and after inoculation of methanogens. Hydrogen production and utilization and methane production were measured in rumen content samples incubated in vitro in the presence of exogenous hydrogen (supplemented with fumarate or not supplemented with fumarate) or in the presence of ground alfalfa hay as a degradable substrate. Our results show that methane production was clearly reduced when the dominant fibrolytic species was a non-H 2 -producing species, such as Fibrobacter succinogenes, without significantly impairing fiber degradation and fermentations in the rumen. The addition of fumarate to the rumen contents stimulated H 2 utilization only by the ruminal microbiota inoculated with F. succinogenes, suggesting that these communities could play an important role in fumarate reduction in vivo.Hydrogen is a major intermediary metabolite in anaerobic degradation of organic matter. In ruminants, hydrogen is produced by hydrolytic and fermentative microorganisms and is mainly used by methanogenic Archaea to reduce carbon dioxide into methane. These microorganisms represent the main ruminal microbial community implicated in this pathway (33). Hydrogen transfer through methanogenesis is beneficial to the degradation of plant cell wall carbohydrates in the rumen (19,43,46). However, as a result of this process, methane is eructated by ruminants (400 to 500 liters per day per adult animal) and represents a loss of carbon and energy, accounting for 8 to 12% of the gross energy content of the diet (27, 37, 44). The amount of methane produced varies according to the diet (forage or concentrate) and the production system (intensive or extensive) (27,40). The contribution of livestock agriculture to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been estimated to range between 9% and 18% of anthropogenic emissions, with methane representing between 30% and 50% of the total GHG emitted from the livestock sector (34). In that context, various strategies have been suggested in order to mitigate ruminant methane production (27,28,34). Reducing hydrogen production should be achieved without impairing efficacy of feed digestion and fermentation. Inhibition of activity and/or number of methanogens should be done in association with a stimulation of hydrogen-consuming pathways in order to avoid the negative effect of an increased partial pressure of this gas (28).The aim of the present work was to investigate t...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

Influence of the Composition of the Cellulolytic Flora on the Development of Hydrogenotrophic Microorganisms, Hydrogen Utilization, and Methane Production in the Rumens of Gnotobiotically Reared Lambs

Chaucheyras‐Durand

Masseglia

Fonty

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…1. Seven germfree lambs (lambs M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, G1, and G2) obtained by caesarean section were immediately transferred to sterile isolators equipped for a long-term experiment (27,29,30,33). Lambs M1 and M2 and lambs M3 and M4 were reared in pairs in the same isolator, while lamb M5 was reared alone.…”

Section: Animals (I) Preparation and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such in vivo systems have already been used to study effects of methanogens in the rumen (33). We report here results from a study in which gnotobiotic lambs were inoculated with a complex ruminal microflora lacking methanogens and hydrogenotrophic bacterial populations and H 2 -utilizing capacities were measured at regular intervals over a period of 18 to 22 months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Development of Ruminal Hydrogenotrophs in Methanogen-Free Lambs

Fonty¹,

Joblin

Chavarot³

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this work was to determine whether reductive acetogenesis can provide an alternative to methanogenesis in the rumen. Gnotobiotic lambs were inoculated with a functional rumen microbiota lacking methanogens and reared to maturity on a fibrous diet. Lambs with a methanogen-free rumen grew well, and the feed intake and ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations for lambs lacking ruminal methanogens were lower but not markedly dissimilar from those for conventional lambs reared on the same diet. A high population density (10 7 to 10 8 cells g ؊1 ) of ruminal acetogens slowly developed in methanogen-free lambs. Sulfate-and fumarate-reducing bacteria were present, but their population densities were highly variable. In methanogen-free lambs, the hydrogen capture from fermentation was low (28 to 46%) in comparison with that in lambs containing ruminal methanogens (>90%). Reductive acetogenesis was not a significant part of ruminal fermentation in conventional lambs but contributed 21 to 25% to the fermentation in methanogen-free meroxenic animals. Ruminal H 2 utilization was lower in lambs lacking ruminal methanogens, but when a methanogen-free lamb was inoculated with a methanogen, the ruminal H 2 utilization was similar to that in conventional lambs. H 2 utilization in lambs containing a normal ruminal microflora was age dependent and increased with the animal age. The animal age effect was less marked in lambs lacking ruminal methanogens. Addition of fumarate to rumen contents from methanogen-free lambs increased H 2 utilization. These findings provide the first evidence from animal studies that reductive acetogens can sustain a functional rumen and replace methanogens as a sink for H 2 in the rumen.Methane (CH 4 ) eructated from ruminants represents a loss of 8 to 13% of the digestible energy ingested by the animal (71) and contributes to global warming. The amount of methane produced by ruminants varies with the farming system, the nature of the feed, the feeding level, the feed digestibility, and the animal species (6,67,71). The annual production of methane by ruminants, estimated to be 80 to 120 ϫ 10 6 tons or approximately 15% of total anthropogenic methane emissions (16,63), is the second largest biogenic source of methane after rice paddy fields. Decreasing methane emissions from ruminant livestock is desirable in order to both reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and improve energy capture during digestion.Nutritionists have been trying for a long time to mitigate rumen methane emissions in order to enhance animal performance but so far have not been successful. The methods most commonly attempted involve utilization of antibiotics and ionophores (58), halogenated methane analogues (20,37,59), heavy metals (70), lipid-rich materials such as coconut oil (21,26,54,55,56), probiotics (58), bacteriocin (47), and numerous chemicals (1, 4). Immunization against methanogens (79), elimination of ciliate protozoans which support methanogen populations (64), and addition of acetogenic bacteria to rume...

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“…The process by which H 2 -producing and H 2 -utilising microorganisms are able to interact is called "interspecies hydrogen transfer" (Ianotti et al, 1973). Hydrogen transfer towards methanogens is beneficial to the degradation of plant cell wall carbohydrates in the rumen (Bauchop & Mountfort, 1981;Ushida & Jouany, 1996;Fonty et al, 1997;Wolin et al, 1997). However, as a result of this process, methane is eructated by ruminants at 400 to 500 litres per day in adult cattle, and this represents a loss of carbon and energy of 8-12% of the energy available in the diet (Vermorel, 1995;Moss et al, 2000).…”

Section: Effects On Hydrogen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and modes of action of live yeasts in the rumen

Fonty¹,

Chaucheyras‐Durand

2006

Biologia

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Live yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) are more and more widely used as feed additives for ruminants. They are considered as allochtonous microorganisms in the rumen environment, however, distributed daily to dairy cows or beef cattle they can survive in the digestive tract and interact with autochtonous microbial populations. The positive effects of yeast cells have been mainly demonstrated on growth and activity of fibre-degrading bacteria and fungi, on stabilisation of rumen pH and prevention of lactate accumulation, on ruminal microbial colonization and on the set up of fermentative processes during the pre-weaning period. Modes of action of yeast probiotics depend on their viability and stability in the rumen ecosystem. Up to now, the main modes of action identified are the supply of growth factors to rumen microorganisms, oxygen scavenging inducing more favourable conditions for the anaerobic communities, and nutritional competition with autochtonous ruminal species.

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Effect ofMethanobrevibactersp MF1 Inoculation on Glycoside Hydrolase and Polysaccharide Depolymerase Activities, Wheat Straw Degradation and Volatile Fatty Acid Concentrations in the Rumen of Gnotobiotically-reared Lambs

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of the Composition of the Cellulolytic Flora on the Development of Hydrogenotrophic Microorganisms, Hydrogen Utilization, and Methane Production in the Rumens of Gnotobiotically Reared Lambs

Influence of the Composition of the Cellulolytic Flora on the Development of Hydrogenotrophic Microorganisms, Hydrogen Utilization, and Methane Production in the Rumens of Gnotobiotically Reared Lambs

Establishment and Development of Ruminal Hydrogenotrophs in Methanogen-Free Lambs

Effects and modes of action of live yeasts in the rumen

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