Effect of β3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism on body weight change in middle-aged, overweight women

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the effects of β 3 -adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism on body weight change during a weight reduction program for middle-aged, overweight women with careful consideration of their energy intake and expenditure.Methods: Design: Intervention study of weight reduction for 12 weeks in a community setting. Subjects: Eighty overweight middle-aged women who completed the individualized lifestyle modification program. Measurements: β 3 -adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction and consecutive restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Anthropometrical parameters, lifestyle factors, blood lipid and glucose levels, physical activity level and energy intake were measured before and at the end of the program.Results: The numbers of subjects with the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg genotypes were 45, 30 and 5, respectively. Baseline characteristics among subjects with the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg and Arg64Arg alleles did not differ. After 12 weeks, the subjects with the 64Arg allele had significantly smaller decrease in body weight and energy intake than those without the 64Arg allele. The change of other clinical characteristics did not differ between the two groups. After adjusting for the %change of energy intake, the %change of body weight did not differ between the two groups.Conclusion: The 64Arg allele of the β 3 -AR gene is not likely to be the factor determining the difficulty in losing body weight in Japanese middle-aged, overweight women. Lifestyle factors, such as the decrease in energy intake, might mask the effect of the 64Arg allele on body weight loss. Specific considerations for the management of energy intake would be needed to promote body weight loss for those with the 64Arg allele.

Effect of the β3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism Trp64Arg on BMI reduction associated with an exercise-based intervention program in Japanese middle-aged males

“…In other words, the BMI reduction during an exercise-based intervention was not affected by the ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism. Among our subjects, the frequency of the Arg allele was 19.3%, which is similar to frequencies (16.6-25.0%) reported among Japanese in other studies [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

“…Although the BMI had fallen by 0.8-0.9 kg/m 2 by the third month of our intervention, there is a possibility that a less stringent intervention, such as a 0.2 kg/m 2 of BMI reduction, may have revealed a difference between the Arg allele non-carriers and carriers. In their studies on Japanese obese females, Yoshida et al [22], Sakane et al [23], Kogure et al [24], and Lee et al [25] reported that Arg allele carriers had difficulty losing weight. The BMI reduction in these studies was larger, about 2 kg/m 2 in Arg allele non-carriers and 3 kg/m 2 in Arg allele carriers.…”

“…Several studies have compared weight reduction in individuals with the different ADRB3 Trp64Arg genotypes participating in non-pharmacological intervention programs [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Studies in Korea and the USA reported that there was no difference in weight reduction between Arg allele carriers and non-carriers [19][20][21].…”

“…Studies in Korea and the USA reported that there was no difference in weight reduction between Arg allele carriers and non-carriers [19][20][21]. In contrast, findings of Japanese studies have been inconsistent, with five studies showing a significant difference associated with ADRB3 Trp64Arg [22][23][24][25][26] and one study showing no difference [27]. It has been suggested that the differences observed in the results of the former five Japanese studies were caused by differences in the race of a subject, sex, weight at baseline, and/or the amount of weight loss by intervention.…”

Genetic Profiling for Weight Loss: Potential Candidate Genes

“…In contrast to the previously mentioned studies demonstrating no significant differences between ADRB3 rs4994 genotype after participating in a weight loss intervention [12,[43][44][45], some investigations have found significant differences between genotype [47][48][49]. Phares et al [47] conducted a six-month weight loss intervention within 70 apparently healthy, overweight (average BMI 28 kg/m 2 ), Caucasian men and women (29 men, 41 women), aged 50-75 years old.…”