Effect of ω-3 fatty acids on rectal mucosal cell proliferation in subjects at risk for colon cancer

Anti, M.; Marra, Giancarlo; Armelao, Franco; Bartoli, Gianna Maria; Ficarelli, R.; Percesepe, Antonio; Vitis, I. De; Maria, Giorgio; Sofo, Luigi; Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico; Gentiloni, N; Piccioni, Elisabetta; Miggiano, G A D

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(92)90021-p

Cited by 197 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Relevance of consumption by mice of 3% or 6% w/w dietary fish oil to humans It has been reported (Anti et al, 1992;Horrobin, 1994) that adult humans can consume about 10-12 g of fish oil per day without adverse side-effects. We have personally verified that taking this amount of encapsulated fish oil per day for at least 2 months caused no ill effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish oil supplementation enhanced CPT-11 (irinotecan) efficacy against MCF7 breast carcinoma xenografts and ameliorated intestinal side-effects

1999

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SummaryThe cancer chemotherapeutic efficacy of the topoisomerase I inhibitor, is often limited by the induction of severe delayed diarrhoea. In animal studies, CPT-11 use is associated with histopathological damage to the mucosa of the small and large intestines. Results from the present study demonstrate that 60 mg CPT-11 per kg body weight (i.v. q4d ϫ 6) halted the growth, but did not cause significant regression, of MCF7 human breast carcinoma xenografts in mice fed a diet containing 7% corn oil. However, when the diet of the MCF7-bearing mice was supplemented with 3% or 6% fish oil, the same CPT-11 treatment caused significant regression of the MCF7 xenograft. Histomorphometric analyses of intestinal mucosa of mice treated with CPT-11 and fed the diet containing 7% corn oil indicated that treatment with CPT-11 induced structural changes in the intestinal mucosa which persisted at least 5 days after the last dose of CPT-11. The intestinal mucosal architecture of mice that were treated with CPT-11 and fed the diets containing fish oil was largely unchanged from the architecture of the group of mice which did not receive CPT-11. These findings indicate that fish oil supplements may be a useful adjunct to CPT-11 treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish oil supplementation enhanced CPT-11 (irinotecan) efficacy against MCF7 breast carcinoma xenografts and ameliorated intestinal side-effects

1999

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“…EPA-supplemented cells produced lower levels of AA-derived COX metabolites and higher levels of EPA-derived COX metabolites PGD 3 and PGE 3 (Fig. S3A).…”

Section: Effects Of Pufa Supplementation On Tlr4-stimulated Eicosanoidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further studies have established that ω3 PUFA supplementation can decrease the ratio of ω6 arachidonic acid (AA)/ω3 PUFAs in membrane phospholipids (3,4), where AA is the most common highly unsaturated fatty acid in North Americans and Western Europeans. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are widely accepted as the key ω3 PUFAs that elicit therapeutic effects because they are found in fish oil and can additionally be formed in humans via elongation of α-linolenic acid, the essential ω3 fatty acid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 fatty acids cause dramatic changes in TLR4 and purinergic eicosanoid signaling

Norris

Dennis²

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

162

129

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Dietary fish oil omega‐3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), elicit cardioprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects through unresolved mechanisms. EPA and DHA may reduce arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism and pro‐inflammatory effects by competition and inhibition at multiple levels. Here, we report the effects of AA, EPA, and DHA supplementation on membrane incorporation, phospholipase A2 release, and eicosanoid production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Each PUFA supplemented increased by similar amounts in membrane phospholipids, while half of the increased AA and EPA were elongated to adrenic acid (AdA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), respectively; and were subsequently released by PLA2 at levels comparable to AA. TLR‐4 stimulated COX‐2 AA production did not increase with AA supplementation and was inhibited by 20% and 50% after EPA and DHA supplementation, respectively. ATP stimulated COX‐1 AA production was inhibited to a greater extent by EPA and DHA; 5‐LOX AA metabolites increased 2‐fold with EPA and DHA supplementation, and 5‐LOX metabolized EPA and DHA to a greater extent than COX‐1/COX‐2. Altogether, AA, EPA and DHA supplementation decreased TLR‐4 stimulated AA COX‐2 prostanoid metabolism; increased the purinergic stimulated AA 5‐LOX/COX‐1 ratio; and significantly increased elongated PUFA levels that may be converted to novel mediators.

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“…However, mice treated with CPT-11 that consumed 1% AAFA TM look smoother and the mice that consumed 2 or 3% AAFA TM did not look different from the mice that did not receive to the 2% AAFA TM diet fed the mice in this study. Anti et al (1992) have reported that humans can safely consume 10 g fish oil per day without ill effects while Burns et al (1999) report administration of up to 21 g per day of an omega-3 fatty acid product. The product used in the Burns trial contained 626 mg EPA + DHA per gram thus the 21 g per day dose equaled 13.1 g EPA + DHA per day.…”

Section: Experimental Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of an omega-3 fatty acids product, INCELL AAFA™, reduced side-effects of CPT-11 (irinotecan) in mice

2002

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INCELL AAFATM , an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid product containing a high concentration of long chain fatty acids, was tested for its ability to ameliorate the harmful side effects of CPT-11 chemotherapy including: leukopenia, anaemia, asthenia, weight loss and liver involvement. Four groups of mice were fed an AIN-76 diet modified to contain: 10% w/w corn oil (CO), 0% AAFA TM ; 9% CO, 1% AAFA TM ; 8% CO, 2% AAFA TM ; or 7% CO, 3% AAFA TM . After 2 weeks on the diets, half of the mice received CPT-11 chemotherapy (60 mg kg 71 q 4 days, i.v.) the rest of the mice received vehicle for 2 weeks. It was found that 2% AAFA TM in the diet of the CPT-11 treated mice: decreased apoptotic figures in the duodenal crypts; markedly suppressed the inflammatory eicosanoid, prostaglandin E 2 in the liver; prevented liver hypertrophy; improved white blood cell counts; significantly increased red blood cell counts; decreased numbers of CPT-11 induced immature red blood cell and micronuclei in red blood cells of the peripheral blood; increased eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in liver cell membranes and maintained normal grooming behaviour. Thus 2% AAFA TM in the diet reduced the side effects of CPT-11 treatment in mice.

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Effect of ω-3 fatty acids on rectal mucosal cell proliferation in subjects at risk for colon cancer

Cited by 197 publications

References 39 publications

Fish oil supplementation enhanced CPT-11 (irinotecan) efficacy against MCF7 breast carcinoma xenografts and ameliorated intestinal side-effects

Fish oil supplementation enhanced CPT-11 (irinotecan) efficacy against MCF7 breast carcinoma xenografts and ameliorated intestinal side-effects

Omega-3 fatty acids cause dramatic changes in TLR4 and purinergic eicosanoid signaling

Consumption of an omega-3 fatty acids product, INCELL AAFA™, reduced side-effects of CPT-11 (irinotecan) in mice

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