Effect of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on phosphorylated CREB in rat cerebellum: An immunohistochemical study

Casu, Maria Antonietta; Pisu, Carla; Sanna, Angela; Tambaro, Simone; Spada, Gabriele Pinna; Mongeau, Raymond; Pani, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.053

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This increase in exploratory activity can be interpreted as a reduction in the degree of anxiety in these ketamine-treated rats. The work suggested the behavior of up-right was on behalf of the rat's ability for adapting a strange environment (Casu et al, 2005). In contrast to our findings, the work of Marin, Cruz, & Planeta, (2007), revealed that animals exposed to chronic restraint stress displayed higher exploratory behavior in the open field test.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Short‐ and long‐term antidepressant effects of ketamine in a rat chronic unpredictable stress model

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Short‐ and long‐term antidepressant effects of ketamine in a rat chronic unpredictable stress model

et al. 2017

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“…Several of the above-mentioned drug-induced molecular changes have been correlated with drug tolerance, drug dependence and the withdrawal syndrome [94,95,96,97,98,100,101,108]. In general, acute drug administration increases receptors, neurotransmitters and intracellular signalling transduction responses in the cerebellum.…”

Section: Psychostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Should We Keep the Cerebellum in Mind When Thinking About Addiction?

Miquel¹,

Toledo²,

Hernández³

et al. 2009

CDAR

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Marta Miquel; Rebeca Toledo; Luis I Garcia ; Genaro A Coria-Avila¸ Jorge Manzo. Why should we keep the cerebellum in mind when thinking about addiction?Increasing evidence has involved the cerebellum in functions beyond the sphere of motor control. In the present article, we review evidence that involves the cerebellum in addictive behaviour. We aimed on molecular and cellular targets in the cerebellum where addictive drugs can act and induce mechanisms of neuroplasticity that may contribute to the development of an addictive pattern of behaviour. Also, we analyzed the behavioural consequences of repetitive drug administration that result from activitydependent changes in the efficacy of cerebellar synapses.Revised research involves the cerebellum in drug-induced long-term memory, druginduced sensitization and the perseverative behavioural phenotype. Results agree to relevant participation of the cerebellum in the functional systems underlying drug addiction. The molecular and cellular actions of addictive drugs in the cerebellum involve long-term adaptative changes in receptors, neurotransmitters and intracellular signalling transduction pathways that may lead to the re-organization of cerebellar microzones and in turn to functional networks where the cerebellum is an important nodal structure. We propose that drug induced activity-dependent synaptic changes in the cerebellum are crucial to the transition from a pattern of recreational drug taking to the compulsive behavioural phenotype. Functional and structural modifications produced by drugs in the cerebellum may enhance the susceptibility of fronto-cerebellar circuitry to be changed by repeated drug exposure. As a part of this functional reorganization, drug-induced cerebellar hyper-responsiveness appears to be central to reducing the influence of executive control of the prefrontal cortex on behaviour and aiding the transition to an automatic mode of control.Key words: cerebellum, drug addiction, alcohol, morphine, cocaine, amphetamine, endocannabinoids, sensitization, conditioned emotional memories, cerebellar plasticity 3 THE CEREBELLUM: MORE THAN WHAT WE THOUGHTVery recently, Masao Ito [1] and Narender Ramnani [2] published two excellent and exhaustive reviews on the cerebellum and its functions. Both are highly recommended papers to get a broad perspective on past and current research in this topic. Surely the lesson to be learned from both articles is that later developments in cerebellar research situate functions of the cerebellum beyond motor control. The assumption that the cerebellum controls movement came from medical observations in the mid 19 th and the beginning of the 20 th century [1, 3]. Neurologists observed that lesions in this structure resulted in difficulties in coordinating movement, and experimental physiologists showed that after removing the cerebellum a lack of motor coordination was produced. In the sixties, a specialized role for the cerebellum in the learning of motor patterns was proposed, initially in conventional mo...

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“…22 However, THC is known to activate multiple transcription factor genes including c-fos and CREB important for the regulation of the genes currently studied. 54,55 Moreover, the CB 1 mRNA has a high expression in the amygdala 28 and functional CB 1 binding sites are present in the putamen 3 of the human fetal brain. As such activation of the CB 1 signal transduction systems could regulate the expression levels of opioid-related genes within several structures observed in the present investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete opioid gene expression impairment in the human fetal brain associated with maternal marijuana use

et al. 2006

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Fetal development is a period sensitive to environmental influences such as maternal drug use. The most commonly used illicit drug by pregnant women is marijuana. The present study investigated the effects of in utero marijuana exposure on expression levels of opioid-related genes in the human fetal forebrain in light of the strong interaction between the cannabinoid and opioid systems. The study group consisted of 42 midgestation fetuses from saline-induced voluntary abortions. The opioid peptide precursors (preprodynorphin and preproenkephalin (PENK)) and receptor (mu, kappa and delta) mRNA expression were assessed in distinct brain regions. The effect of prenatal cannabis exposure was analyzed by multiple regression controlling for confounding variables (maternal alcohol and cigarette use, fetal age, sex, growth measure and post-mortem interval). Prenatal cannabis exposure was significantly associated with increased mu receptor expression in the amygdala, reduced kappa receptor mRNA in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and reduced preproenkephalin expression in the caudal putamen. Prenatal alcohol exposure primarily influenced the kappa receptor mRNA with reduced levels in the amygdala, claustrum, putamen and insula cortex. No significant effect of prenatal nicotine exposure could be discerned in the present study group. These results indicate that maternal cannabis and alcohol exposure during pregnancy differentially impair opioid-related genes in distinct brain circuits that may have long-term effects on cognitive and emotional behaviors.

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Effect of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on phosphorylated CREB in rat cerebellum: An immunohistochemical study

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Short‐ and long‐term antidepressant effects of ketamine in a rat chronic unpredictable stress model

Short‐ and long‐term antidepressant effects of ketamine in a rat chronic unpredictable stress model

Why Should We Keep the Cerebellum in Mind When Thinking About Addiction?

Discrete opioid gene expression impairment in the human fetal brain associated with maternal marijuana use

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