Effect of zoysiagrass rhizosphere fungal isolates on disease suppression and growth promotion of rice seedlings

Abstract

Some rhizosphere fungal isolates belonging to Phoma, Penicillium, Trichoderma and Fusarium were evaluated to control Fusarium and Rhizopus blights and bakanae diseases of rice seedlings. Among the isolates, Phoma spp. GS8-2, GS6-4 and GS10-2 showed 74-89% reduction of severity of Fusarium blight in rice seedlings. In case of Rhizopus blight, Phoma spp. GS8-2, GS6-4 and GS12-2 and Trichoderma harzianum GT3-2 reduced disease severity to 81-93%. Phoma sp. GS12-2 was the most effective isolate in controlling bakanae disease (90% reduction in disease severity). The effect of the tested isolates on the growth of rice seedlings varied significantly in terms of fresh and dry weight in rice trays. However, Phoma sp. GS12-2 effectively increased fresh and dry weight of shoots to 40 and 30%, respectively, compared with untreated control plants. In contrast, Phoma sp. GS6-4, T. harzianum GT3-2 and Penicillium sp. GP17-1 showed inhibitory effect to shoot growth of rice seedlings.

Induction of systemic resistance againstPapaya ring spot virus(PRSV) and its vectorMyzus persicaebyPenicillium simplicissimumGP17-2 and silica (Sio2) nanopowder

“…Certain beneficial microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) have received great attention in the past few years due to not only promoting plant growth but also motivating the plant systemic resistance against different plant pathogens (Van Loon et al 1998;Elsharkawy et al 2014Elsharkawy et al , 2015Hassan et al 2014), nematode pests (Sikora 1988) and insect pests (Zehnder et al 1997). Recently, PGPF have been shown to induce systemic resistance in cucumber (Elsharkawy et al 2012b).…”

Biological Management of Plant Diseases by Non-pathogenic Phoma spp.

“…Some rhizosphere fungal isolates belonging to different PGPF were evaluated to control Fusarium blight, Rhizopus blight, and bakanae disease (Elsharkawy et al 2014). Among these isolates, Phoma sp.…”

“…GS8-2, GS6-4, and GS12-2 reduced Rhizopus blight disease severity to 81-93%, while Phoma sp. GS12-2 appeared the most effective isolate in controlling bakanae disease, showing a 90% reduction in disease severity (Elsharkawy et al 2014). Treatment with Phoma isolates can also be used successfully to reduce the Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum f.sp.…”

Plant Growth-Promoting Phoma spp.

“…Endophytic populations vary greatly based on the host and climatic conditions. Several fungal endophytes were isolated from the rhizosphere such as Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Phoma (Hyakumachi 1994;Shivanna et al 2005;Hossain et al 2014;Elsharkawy et al 2014). Different species of Phoma spp.…”