Effect of Zirconia Nanoparticles Incorporation on Some Properties of One High - Impact Heat cured PMMA Resin

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of ZrO 2 nanoparticles incorporation (in two different ratios 1% and 3%) on some properties of one high-impact heat cured PMMA resin material when it was processed by two different methods (Conventional and Microwave curing methods). Materials & Methods: One high-impact heat cured PMMA resin (Trevalon Hi) was used in this study to be modified with nano-ZrO 2 in two different ratios (1% and 3%). Both unmodified and modified high-impact heat cured PMMA resin were subjected to three different tests (Flexural strength test, Microhardness test, and Color stability test). A total of ninety specimens were prepared, thirty specimens for each test (N=30). Within each test specimens, there were three groups (n=10), (HI) group: was prepared from high-impact heat cured PMMA resin without modification by nano-ZrO 2 (as a control group). (1%n-ZrO 2 HI) group: was prepared from high-impact heat cured PMMA resin modified by 1% nano-ZrO 2. (3%n-ZrO 2 HI) group: was prepared from high-impact heat cured PMMA resin modified by 3% nano-ZrO 2 .Within each group, five specimens were prepared by conventional water-bath curing method, while the other five specimens were prepared by microwave curing. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM® SPSS® Statistics Version 20 for Windows. Results: Modification of high-impact heat cured PMMA resin with (1% and 3%) nano-ZrO 2 resulted in significant increasing in the mean values of flexural strength and VHN of all tested groups (p<0.05), while the effect on the color stability of the resin was slight. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, modification of high-impact heat cured PMMA resin with zirconia nanoparticles up to 3% could improve the flexural strength and surface microhardness with slight effect on the color. Microwave curing of high-impact heat cured PMMA resin gives better results than conventional one.

Polymethylmethacrylate-Based Nanocomposites for Denture Base Fabrication: Impact of Nanoparticle Type and Concentration on the Color Change In Vitro

“…This result comes in agreement with Ihab et al [9] who compared the color differences after ZNP addition and showed a significant difference between control and modified specimens and reported that ΔEab was increased with the increasing of ZNP concentration. On the other hand, this finding is in disagreement with previous studies [27,46]. The discrepancies between the results of this study and other articles may be explained by the differences in experimental methodology, concentrations of tested NPs as well as the usage of different types of PMMA material.…”

“…Moreover, previous studies agreed with the present findings and reported that PMMA color was changed to pale pinkish white with ZNP addition [43,44] and as the concentration of ZNP increased, the color change was increased [24,45]. On the other hand, our findings are in disagreement with other studies which concluded that the addition of ZNP displayed insignificant color changes of PMMA [27,46].…”

Effect of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporation on the Mechanical and Surface Properties of Heat Polymerized Denture Base Resin: An In Vitro Study.

“…(2) Various methods have been used to improve the strength of PMMA including giving more bulkiness to the material in the susceptible areas, co-polymerization, cross-linking, (3,4) and the addition of different reinforcing fibers. (5) Recently, many studies have investigated the reinforcement of PMMA denture base materials through incorporating different types and concentrations of nanoparticles such as Silicon Dioxide (SiO 2 ) , (6,7,8) Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2 ) , (8,9,10) Silver (Ag), (10,11,12) Aluminium Oxide (AL 2 O 3 ), (12,13) Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO 2 ), (14,15) Zinc oxide (ZnO), (16) and Copper Oxide (CuO). (17) According to these studies, the properties of the reinforced material depend mainly on the size and concentration of the used nanoparticles.…”

The efficacy of reinforcement of glass fibers and ZrO2 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of autopolymerizing provisional restorations (PMMA)

“…Other authors tried to reinforce the PMMA acrylic resins with metal oxide nanoparticles. Nanotechnology recently introduces a new era for reinforcing materials; because of nanomaterials' physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties ( Elhatery, 2019 , Gad and Abualsaud, 2019 a , Vikram and Chander, 2020 ). Nowadays, zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) nanoparticles have been applied as a reinforcing agent owing to their biocompatibility, advantageous mechanical properties as well as antifungal properties of ZrO 2 ( Alhavaz et al, 2017 , Akay and Avukat, 2019 ).…”