Effect of ZDDP on lubrication mechanisms of linear fatty amines under boundary lubrication conditions

Massoud, Toni; Matos, Rafael Pereira de; Mogne, Thierry Le; Belin, M.; Cobián, Manuel; Thiébaut, Benoît; Loehlé, Sophie; Dahlem, Franck; Minfray, Clotilde

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2019.105954

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Fully formulated lubricants contain multiple additives, some of which may interact with OFMs. The interactions between OFMs and zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, an extreme pressure (EP) additive, have been shown to be synergistic [9,10] or antagonistic [11] depending on the chemistry and concentration of the OFM additives. Antagonistic effect has been observed between a sulphur based EP additives and OFMs due to competitive surface adsorption [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between organic friction modifier additives

Fry

Chui

Moody

et al. 2020

Tribology International

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The interactions of different additives in engine oils can create synergistic or antagonistic effects. This paper studies how mixing different organic friction modifier additives affects friction reducing properties of lubricants in the boundary lubrication regime. Amines of different degree of saturation were mixed with either glycerol monooleate (GMO) or oleic acid in hexadecane. The model lubricants thus formed were characterised with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Friction tests in reciprocating motion using ball-on-disc steel-steel contacts were conducted to examine the tribological performance of these lubricants. Worn surfaces were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Oleic acid and oleylamine, a primary amine. Were found to form a partial ionic liquid, providing synergistic friction reduction. This positive interaction reduces with increasing degree of saturation of the amine. No synergistic effect was observed between GMO and oleylamine, suggesting that GMO does not hydrolyse into a carboxylic acid within a rubbing contact in the presence of amine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between organic friction modifier additives

Fry

Chui

Moody

et al. 2020

Tribology International

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“…This could be further verified by the spectra of O1s. Two phosphate-related peaks of NBO (531.9 eV) and BO (533.3 ± 0.3 eV) require special attention [36]. The ratio of BO to NBO, which is closely related to phosphate polymerization, is an important parameter for evaluating phosphate species and their chain lengths [37].…”

Section: Xps Analysis On Tribofillms Of Worn Cast Iron Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Tribo-Surface Variation Caused by Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 Particles-Containing Lubricant under Cyclic Impact Loading

et al. 2022

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Mn+1AXn (MAX) phase materials present an attractive potential for friction reduction and wear resistance applications due to the ternary layered structure. This work was done to investigate how the combination of Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 MAX phase particles with zinc dialkyl dithiophosp (ZDDP) additives in the lubricant affected the tribo-surface by means of a reciprocating test rig with cyclic impact loading. The results indicated that the friction and wear properties of Ti3AlC2-containing lubricant were better than those of Ti2AlC-containing lubricant. The distinctive microstructure of worn surface caused by the Ti3AlC2 particles was characterized by the uniform distribution of many fine scratches, while the other was distributed with more peeling pits by the Ti2AlC particles. The tribo-chemical reaction of ZDDP involving Ti3AlC2 particles promoted a larger regional distribution of the tribofilm and the generation of short-chain phosphates. The synergistic effect of Ti3AlC2 particles and ZDDP additives led to excellent tribological properties.

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“…6(c). Fatty acids such as stearic acid, elaidic acid, and oleic acid are typical oiliness additives that have been widely used as friction modifiers [77][78][79][80]. The presence of double bonds in the alkyl chains generates many gauche defects, producing a special conformation that breaks the local symmetry of the alkyl chain.…”

Section: Friction Interface Behaviors In Complex Oil-based Lubricatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy in friction interface

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Friction

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Sum-frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy is a second-order nonlinear optical spectroscopy technique. Owing to its interfacial selectivity, SFG vibrational spectroscopy can provide interfacial molecular information, such as molecular orientations and order, which can be obtained directly, or molecular density, which can be acquired indirectly. Interfacial molecular behaviors are considered the basic factors for determining the tribological properties of surfaces. Therefore, owing to its ability to detect the molecular behavior in buried interfaces in situ and in real time, SFG vibrational spectroscopy has become one of the most appealing technologies for characterizing mechanisms at friction interfaces. This paper briefly introduces the development of SFG vibrational spectroscopy and the essential theoretical background, focusing on its application in friction and lubrication interfaces, including film-based, complex oil-based, and water-based lubricating systems. Real-time detection using SFG promotes the nondestructive investigation of molecular structures of friction interfaces in situ with submonolayer interface sensitivity, enabling the investigation of friction mechanisms. This review provides guidance on using SFG to conduct friction analysis, thereby widening the applicability of SFG vibrational spectroscopy.

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Effect of ZDDP on lubrication mechanisms of linear fatty amines under boundary lubrication conditions

Cited by 28 publications

References 52 publications

Interactions between organic friction modifier additives

Interactions between organic friction modifier additives

Tribo-Surface Variation Caused by Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 Particles-Containing Lubricant under Cyclic Impact Loading

Applications of sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy in friction interface

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