Effect of Yoga on Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus has a significant impact on public health. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to various complications of T2DM. Yoga is being widely used in the management of T2DM. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to understand the effects of yoga on oxidative stress parameters among adult patients diagnosed with T2DM. Materials and methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Science direct from inception till March 2020 were searched to obtain eligible studies. Study designs of all nature were included (except case studies and reviews). The primary outcome was malondialdehyde (MDA) and secondary outcomes included fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Results: A total of four trials with a total of 440 patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis indicated that yoga significantly reduced MDA (SMD: -1.4 ; 95% CI -2.66 to -0.13; P = 0.03; I2 = 97%), fasting plasma glucose levels (SMD: –1.87: 95% CI -3.83 to -0.09; P = 0.06;I2= 99%), and HbA1c (SMD: -1.92; 95% CI - 3.03 to -0.81; P = 0.0007; I2 = 92%) in patients with T2DM. No such effect was found for SOD (SMD: -1.01; 95% CI -4.41 to 2.38; P = 0.56; I2= 99%). Conclusion: The available evidence suggests that yoga reduces MDA, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1C, and thus would be beneficial in the management of T2DM as a complementary therapy. However, considering the limited number of studies and its heterogeneity, further robust studies are necessary to strengthen our findings and investigate the long-term benefits of yoga.

Impact of Yoga Training on Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…A similar decrease in MDA levels was also observed in the study conducted on 109 hypertensive patients between 20-40 years age groups over twelve-week yoga training [32]. A systematic review supporting these ndings, focused yoga's impact on oxidative stress targeted at type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients reported that yoga practice reduces MDA levels and thus would be bene cial for the management of T2DM as a complementary medicine [33]. Apart from MDA levels, the ndings of the study show a signi cant increase in FRAP levels, which supports the ndings of previous research indicating that yoga may have antioxidant properties and can reduce the adverse effects of ROS on the cellular component [34].…”

Recommendation of yoga and naturopathy intervention for the effective management of post covid syndrome

“…Yoga and Naturopathy system of medicine is a widely practiced complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy in India, and proved to be beneficial in the effective management of COVID- 19 as well [ [ 7 ] ] . In addition, the uniqueness of Yoga and Naturopathy treatment modalities, especially with respect to COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome, lies in the fact that yoga and naturopathy treatments are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various disease conditions, which would play a significant role in defying the cytokine storm in a safer and effective manner [ [8] , [9] , [10] ]. Similarly, by practicing pranayama (breathing exercise), an integral component of yoga, pulmonary function improves to a greater extent along with reduction in local inflammation as well.…”

Role of yoga in stress management and implications in major depression disorder

“…Yoga plays a beneficial role to manage stress related mental illness like depression and anxiety. Regular practice of yoga promotes physiological changes such as reducing blood glucose, blood pressure and cortisol levels and improves general wellbeing [ 20 , 21 ]. Depression is a psycho-physiological disorder which majorly involves alteration in the monoamine (noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine) metabolism [ 22 ].…”