Effect of wood flour addition and modification of its surface on the properties of rotationally molded polypropylene composites

Barczewski, Mateusz; Szostak, Marek; Nowak, D.; Piasecki, Adam

doi:10.14314/polimery.2018.11.5

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Other peaks (e) associated with the organic impurities were detected in the range of 1000–1160 cm −1 . They were characterized for the different types of vibrations of C-C, C-H, C-O, and C-O-C bonds present in the structure of lignocellulosic materials [ 45 ]. Moreover, peaks around 1000 cm −1 may also indicate the residual polypropylene presence [ 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

et al. 2021

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The recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for potential methods for their utilization. In the presented work, we investigated the recycling potential of wastes originated from the agricultural films recycling line. Their structure and properties were analyzed, and they were modified with 2.5 wt % of commercially available compatibilizers. The mechanical and thermal performance of modified wastes were evaluated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that incorporation of such a small amount of modifiers may overcome the drawbacks caused by the presence of impurities. The incorporation of maleic anhydride-grafted compounds enhanced the tensile strength of wastes by 13–25%. The use of more ductile compatibilizers—ethylene-vinyl acetate and paraffin increased the elongation at break by 55–64%. The presence of compatibilizers also reduced the stiffness of materials resulting from the presence of solid particles. It was particularly emphasized for styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, which caused up to a 20% drop of Young’s modulus. Such effects may facilitate the further applications of analyzed wastes, e.g., in polymer film production. Thermal performance was only slightly affected by compatibilization. It caused a slight reduction in polyethylene melting temperatures (up to 2.8 °C) and crystallinity degree (up to 16%). For more contaminated materials, the addition of compatibilizers caused a minor reduction in the decomposition onset (up to 6 °C). At the same time, for the waste after three washing cycles, thermal stability was improved. Moreover, depending on the desired properties and application, materials do not have to go through the whole recycling line, simplifying the process, reducing energy and water consumption. The presented results indicate that it is possible to efficiently use the materials, which do not have to undergo the whole recycling process. Despite the presence of impurities, they could be applied in the manufacturing of products which do not require exceptional mechanical performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

et al. 2021

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“…Multiple signals noted in the range of 1100-1450 cm −1 were associated with the bending vibrations of C-H bonds, stretching of various C-O-C groups, and C-C bonds. The presence of a large amount of small signals in this range is typical for lignocellulosic fillers (Barczewski et al 2018;Matykiewicz et al 2019). Figure 7 presents spectra of UFC100 fillers modified with varying amounts of isophorone diisocyanate.…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Insights into modification of lignocellulosic fillers with isophorone diisocyanate: structure, thermal stability and volatile organic compounds emission assessment

et al. 2020

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This study presents an analysis of the structure and properties of different types of lignocellulosic fillers modified by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to provide insights into the possibility of their application to the manufacturing of wood polymer composites (WPCs). Moreover, it deals with the environmental aspects of modified fillers, by assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during modification, as well as from final products. Three types of commercially available lignocellulosic fillers were modified with different content of IPDI (from 1 to 15 wt%) using the internal mixer. The main compounds detected in the air during modifications were terpenes and terpenoids. No IPDI was detected, which is very beneficial considering its toxicity. On the other hand, IPDI was emitted from modified fillers at a slightly elevated temperature of 40 °C, which was associated with a significant rise in its vapor pressure. Successful modification of fillers was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Performed modifications of lignocellulosic fillers with IPDI had a relatively small impact on their particle size and color properties. Such an effect can be considered beneficial for the mechanical performance and appearance of WPCs, which could be potentially manufactured using IPDI-modified lignocellulosic fillers.

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“…It is not compatible with hydrophilic fibers (natural, glass, metal) without a suitable surface treatment [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Problems with low adhesion between the matrix and the reinforcement can be solved by chemical treatment of fibers such as, e.g., silanization or plasma treatment or application of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene [ 5 , 7 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Method for Optimization of Polymer Powder Plasma Treatment for Composite Materials

et al. 2021

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This paper describes a newly developed testing method for determination of the adhesivity of a film sintered from thermoplastic powder. This method is based on the modified EN 15337 standard. Application of this method enables an effective development of thermoplastic composites with enhanced adhesion between reinforcement and matrix and/or high-quality joints between plastics and dissimilar materials. The proposed method was successfully tested on a series of polyethylene powders treated in the oxygen atmosphere for 0–1200 s. Adhesion to metal and glass substrates in dependence on treatment conditions is described along with powder wettability and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The results show an increase in adhesion to metal by 580% and to glass by 1670% for the longest treatment time, compared to a nontreated powder. Sintering of treated powders revealed a strong influence of treatment time on the melting process. The XPS analysis confirmed the formation of new oxygen groups (C–O, C=O, O–C=O). The method reveals a specific behavior of powders based on treatment conditions, which is crucial for the optimization of plasma treatment for the improved adhesion, applicability of polymer powders, and a development of composite materials.

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Effect of wood flour addition and modification of its surface on the properties of rotationally molded polypropylene composites

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

Insights into modification of lignocellulosic fillers with isophorone diisocyanate: structure, thermal stability and volatile organic compounds emission assessment

New Method for Optimization of Polymer Powder Plasma Treatment for Composite Materials

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