Effect of wind, current and non-linear second order drift forces on a moored multi-body system in an irregular sea

Inoue, Yoshiyuki; Islam, Mohammad Rakibul; Murai, Motohiko

doi:10.1109/oceans.2001.968139

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…al., 2010;Zheng et al, 2022;Lynett et al, 2012). Likewise, based on DOFs (Degrees Of Freedom), some authors such as López and Iglesias (2014) agree with the hypothesis that the motions in the vessel's horizontal plane (named roll, heave, and yaw) are strongly correlated with the total tsunami wave energy, with the currents being quite significant in ship sway response (Inoue et al, 2001). Furthermore, Ohgaki et al (2008) and Zheng et al (2022) mention that tsunamis are usually closer to the natural period of a mooring system (>80 sec), which makes these waves more prone to generate damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Volcano Tsunamis and their effects on moored vessels safety: The 2022 Tonga event

Padilla,

Aniel-Quiroga,

Omira

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. The violent explosion of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano on January 15, 2022, was the origin of an atmospheric wave and a volcano-meteorological tsunami (VMT), both of which were recorded worldwide. The Tonga tsunami event caused resonance effects, leading to wave amplification in some far-field coastal areas like La Pampilla port in Callao, Peru, 10,000 km away from the volcano, where the rupture of the Vessel mooring lines occurred 15 hours after the eruption, resulting the spill of over 11,000 barrels of crude oil. This study aims to better understand the coastal effects of the Tonga tsunami, focusing on mooring loads in marine port environments. We examine how the VMT affected the safety of vessel moorings, hypothesising that atmosphere-induced acoustic ocean waves exerted hydrodynamic loading that endangered ships in port areas. A tsunami propagation obtained with a validated Boussinesq model at the local scale in Callao Bay provides the input to the mooring system model applied to a vessel with similar characteristics to the one docked at La Pampilla Port on the day of the Tonga event. This allows to study the effect of the VMT on overstressing and the potential mooring breakage. The results suggest that the Tonga tsunami event could be responsible for the movement and loss of positioning of the vessel. Furthermore, atmospheric waves significantly increased mooring stresses, particularly on the starboard quarter moorings. This event showed the need to prepare Tsunami Early Warning Systems and port authorities for detecting and managing VMTs induced by atmospheric acoustic waves. The work provides new insights into the far-field effects of the Tonga 2022 tsunami and discusses the lessons learned from such an uncommon event.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Volcano Tsunamis and their effects on moored vessels safety: The 2022 Tonga event

Padilla,

Aniel-Quiroga,

Omira

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Volcano tsunamis and their effects on moored vessel safety: the 2022 Tonga event

Padilla,

Aniel-Quiroga,

Omira

et al. 2024

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The explosion of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai volcano on 15 January 2022 (Tonga 2022) was the origin of a volcano-meteorological tsunami (VMT) recorded worldwide. At a distance exceeding 10 000 km from the volcano and 15 h after its eruption, the moorings of a ship in the port of La Pampilla, Callao (Peru), failed, releasing over 11 000 barrels of crude oil. This study delves into the profound implications of the Tonga 2022 event, investigating whether it could have led to the breaking of the mooring system. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of this significant event, examining the frequency content of the time series recorded at tide gauges, DART (Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis) buoys, and barometers in the southern Pacific Ocean. Our findings revealed that the maximum energy of the spectra corresponds to the 120 min wave period off the coast of Peru, with the arrival time of these waves coinciding with the time of the accident in the port. We used a Boussinesq model to simulate the propagation of the volcano-meteorological tsunami from the source to the port in Peru to study the impact of those waves on the mooring system. We used the synthetic tsunami recorded in the port as input for the model that simulates mooring line loads based on the ship's degrees of freedom. The results suggest that the 120 min wave triggered by the VMT could significantly increase mooring stresses due to the resulting hydrodynamic effects, exceeding the minimum breaking load (MBL). We conclude that the propagation of the long wave period generated by the VMT caused overstresses in moored lines that triggered accidents in port environments. This event showed the need to prepare tsunami early warning systems and port authorities for detecting and managing VMTs induced by atmospheric acoustic waves. The work provides new insights into the far-reaching impacts of the Tonga 2022 tsunami.

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Effect of wind, current and non-linear second order drift forces on a moored multi-body system in an irregular sea

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Volcano Tsunamis and their effects on moored vessels safety: The 2022 Tonga event

Volcano Tsunamis and their effects on moored vessels safety: The 2022 Tonga event

Volcano tsunamis and their effects on moored vessel safety: the 2022 Tonga event

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