Effect of wheelchair ergometer training on spinal cord-injured paraplegics

Yim, Sang‐Youp; Cho, Kyung Ja; Park, Chang Il; Yoon, Tae Sik; Han, Dae Yong; Kim, Se Kyu; Lee, Hong Lyeol

doi:10.3349/ymj.1993.34.3.278

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…After reading the 40 papers (LV: PhD student and ET: MSc in Human Movement Science; both experienced in physical therapy research methods), 15 training studies were excluded for the following reasons: other outcome measures, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] mixed population, 24,25 the population was not described properly, 26 training of both arms and legs 27 or -as was the case in two papers -the results were already published in other included papers. 28,29 The 25 included studies are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of upper body exercise on the physical capacity of people with a spinal cord injury: a systematic review

et al. 2007

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Objective: To describe the effects of upper body training on the physical capacity of people with a spinal cord injury. Data sources: The databases of PubMed, CINAHL, Sport Discus and Cochrane were searched from 1970 to May 2006. Review methods: The keywords 'spinal cord injury', 'paraplegia', 'tetraplegia' and 'quadriplegia' were used in combination with 'training'. The methodological quality of the included articles (both randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials) was assessed with the modified 'van Tulder et al.' checklist. Studies were described with respect to population, test design, training protocol and mode of training. The training effects on physical capacity, reflected by peak power output (PO peak ) and oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ), were summarized. Results: Twenty-five studies were included with a mean score of 8.8 out of 17 items on the quality checklist. The methodological quality was quite low, mostly because of the absence of randomized controlled trials. Therefore no metaanalysis was possible. In the 14 articles of acceptable quality the mean (SD) increase in VO 2peak and PO peak, following a period of training, was 17.6 (11.2)% and 26.1 (15.6)%, respectively. Conclusions: Due to the overall low quality of studies it is not possible to draw definitive conclusions on training effects for different lesion groups or training modes. The results of the relatively few studies with an acceptable quality seem to support the view that upper body exercise may increase the physical capacity of people with spinal cord injury. The magnitude of improvement in PO peak and VO 2peak , however, varies considerably among studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies claim significant improvements in muscle strength, but again, no control groups were present in any of the studies involved. Other upper body training studies in spinal cord injury, 16,18,19 all excluded from this review because they lacked data on VO 2peak and PO peak , also reported improvement in muscle strength.…”

Section: Other Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of upper body exercise on the physical capacity of people with a spinal cord injury: a systematic review

et al. 2007

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“…It may be expected that the groups have dierent responses to the training, but these results may be possible because the paraplegic patients in this study were heterogeneous and the standard deviation of HR was greater, involving no signi®cant dierence. 4 However, previous studies have reported in healthy subjects that perceived exertion can be used to control exercise intensity during continuous 9,11,13 or intermittent training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors have found similar ®ndings. 4,7 A dierence in the perception of pain was observed between GXT 1 and GXT 2 between the two groups. The paraplegics seem to feel less pain compared to healthy subjects during exercise.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle atrophy could be observed, due to a decrease in the oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activity in arm muscles. 1 A risk of atherosclerosis, 2 a reduction of aerobic capacity 3 and other cardiovascular consequences 4 are linked with the lower basal metabolic rate of these patients. Furthermore, high density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are reduced in SCI patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived exertion and rehabilitation with wheelchair ergometer: comparison between patients with spinal cord injury and healthy subjects

et al. 2002

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the eects of a rehabilitation program on the perceived exertion (PE) and the cardioventilatory responses during exercise in healthy people and paraplegics. Methods: A group of seven healthy persons (age 26.6 SD 6.2 years) and one of seven paraplegics (age 42 SD 15.9 years) participated in a rehabilitation program composed of Square Wave Exercise Tests (SWEET) during six weeks. The maximal oxygen uptake, the power output (PO), heart rate (HR) and measures of PE using the Borg CR 10 scale were investigated during a maximal graded test performed before and after the rehabilitation program. During the ®rst SWEET session (SWEET 1) measures of PE and HR (base and peak) were also investigated and compared to the last session (SWEET 2) of the same absolute workload after the 6 weeks. Results: Statistical analysis revealed no signi®cant dierence in both groups for PE between the two maximal graded tests. However, a signi®cant decrease in the PE values (P50.01) was observed in both groups during the SWEET 2. There was no signi®cant dierence in maximal HR between the two graded tests, but a signi®cant decrease in HR (P50.0001 for base HR and P50.001 for peak HR) was observed in SWEET 2 compared to 1. The maximal tolerated power (MTP) and the peak oxygen uptake increased signi®cantly in both healthy and paraplegic groups (P50.0001 and P50.05 respectively) after the 6 weeks of rehabilitation exercise. Conclusion:The results of the present study suggest that PE could be used to control the exercise intensity during a rehabilitation training program for paraplegics, similar to healthy subjects. The increase in the peak oxygen uptake and MTP demonstrates the positive eects of the rehabilitation program on the physical ®tness of the subjects.

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Shoulder muscle strength in paraplegics before and after kayak ergometer training

2006

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The purpose was to investigate if shoulder muscle strength in post-rehabilitated persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) was affected by kayak ergometer training and to compare shoulder strength in persons with SCI and able-bodied persons. Ten persons with SCI (7 males and 3 females, injury levels T3-T12) performed 60 min kayak ergometer training three times a week for 10 weeks with progressively increased intensity. Maximal voluntary concentric contractions were performed during six shoulder movements: flexion and extension (range of motion 65 degrees ), abduction and adduction (65 degrees ), and external and internal rotation (60 degrees ), with an angular velocity of 30 degrees s(-1). Position specific strength was assessed at three shoulder angles (at the beginning, middle and end of the range of motion) in the respective movements. Test-retests were performed for all measurements before the training and the mean intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.941 (95% CI 0.928-0.954). There was a main effect of kayak ergometer training with increased shoulder muscle strength after training in persons with SCI. The improvements were independent of shoulder movement, and occurred in the beginning and middle positions. A tendency towards lower shoulder muscle strength was observed in the SCI group compared to a matched reference group of able-bodied persons. Thus, it appears that post-rehabilitated persons with SCI have not managed to fully regain/maintain their shoulder muscle strength on a similar level as that of able-bodied persons, and are able to improve their shoulder muscle strength after a period of kayak ergometer training.

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Effect of wheelchair ergometer training on spinal cord-injured paraplegics

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of upper body exercise on the physical capacity of people with a spinal cord injury: a systematic review

The effects of upper body exercise on the physical capacity of people with a spinal cord injury: a systematic review

Perceived exertion and rehabilitation with wheelchair ergometer: comparison between patients with spinal cord injury and healthy subjects

Shoulder muscle strength in paraplegics before and after kayak ergometer training

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