Effect of Wheat Host Cultivars on Pycnidiospore Production by Septoria tritici

Gough, F. J.

doi:10.1094/phyto-68-1343

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The basic reproductive number ( R 0 ) is the theoretical number of infections arising from a single infection event and can be useful in predicting the potential development of plant disease epidemics (van den Bosch et al ., ). Pycnidia represent the asexual reproductive output of a Z. tritici strain, with larger pycnidia correlated with a greater number of conidia in earlier work (Gough, ). It has been postulated previously that the number and size of pycnidia could be important measures of virulence in Z. tritici (Stewart and McDonald ; Suffert et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals complex genetic architecture of quantitative virulence in the wheat pathogenZymoseptoria tritici

Stewart

Croll

Lendenmann

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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SUMMARYWe conducted a comprehensive analysis of virulence in the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. High-throughput phenotyping based on automated image analysis allowed the measurement of pathogen virulence on a scale and with a precision that was not previously possible. Across two mapping populations encompassing more than 520 progeny, 540 710 pycnidia were counted and their sizes and grey values were measured. A significant correlation was found between pycnidia size and both spore size and number. Precise measurements of percentage leaf area covered by lesions provided a quantitative measure of host damage. Combining these large and accurate phenotypic datasets with a dense panel of restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) genetic markers enabled us to genetically dissect pathogen virulence into components related to host damage and those related to pathogen reproduction. We showed that different components of virulence can be under separate genetic control. Large-and small-effect QTLs were identified for all traits, with some QTLs specific to mapping populations, cultivars and traits and other QTLs shared among traits within the same mapping population. We associated the presence of four accessory chromosomes with small, but significant, increases in several virulence traits, providing the first evidence for a meaningful function associated with accessory chromosomes in this organism. A large-effect QTL involved in host specialization was identified on chromosome 7, leading to the identification of candidate genes having a large effect on virulence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals complex genetic architecture of quantitative virulence in the wheat pathogenZymoseptoria tritici

Stewart

Croll

Lendenmann

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…Variables characterizing the dynamics of the different processes (such as spore production or lesion development) were seldom assessed, in contrast to studies on biotrophic pathogens such as wheat rusts (Shaner, 1983;Robert et al, 2004). The assessment of the pycnidial density (number of pycnidia cm À2 ; Eyal & Brown, 1976;Simon & Cordo, 1997;Leyva-Mir et al, 2009) and of the spore production (number of pycnidiospores produced by a single pycnidium; Eyal, 1971;Gough, 1978;Jeger et al, 1984) was in limited use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of quantitative traits of aggressiveness in Mycosphaerella graminicola on adult wheat plants

2013

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Septoria tritici blotch, caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola, is a major foliar disease of wheat. The quantitative traits of pathogenicity are not comprehensively described in this pathosystem. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the most relevant variables to describe traits of aggressiveness. Four wheat cultivars were inoculated in a greenhouse with four isolates. Inoculation was performed on a limited surface of the two uppermost leaves of adult plants. The dynamics of chlorotic, necrotic and sporulating areas were assessed twice a week. Pycnidia were counted at the same time. A Gompertz model was fitted to the resulting curves. Parameter combinations with easily interpreted biological relevance were examined further as descriptors of aggressiveness. Within each category of descriptor, those which were the most pairwise correlated and which explained the largest part of the variance were retained: incubation and latent period, development rate of sporulating area, maximal sporulating area, pycnidial density, and sporulation capacity. Correlations between these variables were discussed, assuming they reflect biological relationships between the corresponding aggressiveness quantitative traits. It is suggested that the selected variables, providing a good measure of M. graminicola fitness, can be used to estimate quantitative resistance of wheat to septoria tritici blotch, to characterize differences among isolates within a pathogen population, and to study quantitative adaptation of the pathogen to its host and to its environment.

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“…While most of the methods were based on an estimation of infected plant tissue, assessments of mycelial (HARROWER 1977) or spore (GOUGH 1978) production have also been used. The most commonly used evaluation method in the field involves estimating the degree of severity on a plot-basis on a 0-9 scale (SAARI and PRESCOTT 1975) with a score of 5 corresponding to the upward disease progress at the mid-point of the plant.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Field Disease Evaluation Method for Selecting Wheats Resistant to Mycosphaerella graminicola

Jubene

Gustafson²,

Rajaram

1992

Plant Breeding

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Reliable and efficient methods of selection are important for improving disease resistance. Three methods of field assessment of the Septoria tritid blotch disease, caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fiickel) Schroeter, were compared to identify the most reliable for selecting resistant wheats, Triticum aestivum L. Nine cultivars which differed in disease reaction to plant height and maturity, and their progenies from several generations were used. The methods consisted of scoring chlorotic and necrotic leaf area covered with pycnidia on the flag leaf and the leaf below the flag leaf (flag leaf-1) as percent of the total leaf area, on a plant-basis, and the percent necrosis visually estimated on a plot-basis. Plot data were greatly influenced by environmental changes leading to inconsistent genetic results. The flag leaf and flag leaf-1 methods provided the most precise consistent results. The use of the flag leaf-1 method is suggested for selection.

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Effect of Wheat Host Cultivars on Pycnidiospore Production by Septoria tritici

Abstract: Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable.

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals complex genetic architecture of quantitative virulence in the wheat pathogenZymoseptoria tritici

Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals complex genetic architecture of quantitative virulence in the wheat pathogenZymoseptoria tritici

Assessment of quantitative traits of aggressiveness in Mycosphaerella graminicola on adult wheat plants

A Field Disease Evaluation Method for Selecting Wheats Resistant to Mycosphaerella graminicola

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