Effect of Weight Reduction with Dietary Intervention on Arterial Distensibility and Endothelial Function in Obese Men

Abstract

Obesity and reduction in central arterial distensibility, respectively, have been identified as powerful and independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of weight reduction on central arterial function in obese subjects has not yet been clarified. We investigated whether low-calorie diet-induced weight reduction affects central arterial distensibility and endothelial function in middle-aged obese men. Twelve obese men (age: 45+2 yrs, BMI: 30+1 kg/m 2) completed a 12-week dietary intervention. Caloric restriction induced significantly weight loss and decrease in BMI. After the program, carotid arterial compliance significantly increased and b-stiffness index and aortic pulse-wave velocity remarkably decreased. Concentrations of plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) significantly decreased and plasma nitric oxide (NO) markedly increased after the program. Weight reduction by low-calorie diet in obese men increases central arterial distensibility, which may contribute to the improvement in endothelial function, as noted by a decrease in ET-1 and an increase in NO.

Effects of Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence Mode on Arterial Distensibility in Cameroonian Pygmies

“…The present study confirms previous observations reporting increased PWV with aging, 22,26 high BP, 14,22,26 and obesity 33 in the entire study population. No relation was found between PWV and cholesterol in our study and was in keeping with some previous studies 34,35 but not all.…”

Lifestyle modification increases serum testosterone level and decrease central blood pressure in overweight and obese men

“…Briefly, the dietary modification protocol is a low-calorie diet intervention that affects body composition, body fat distribution, and coronary heart disease risk factors [16,17]. Based on the diet protocol used in this study, all of the participants were instructed to take meals consisting of an average of 420 kcal of protein, 840 kcal of carbohydrate, and 420 kcal of fat per day (1680 kcal/day).…”

Aerobic physical exercise and arterial de-stiffening: a recipe for vascular rejuvenation?

“…The present study adds to a number of investigations, which have consistently shown a reduction in cfPWV over the short term, following different lifestyle interventions, including not only physical exercise [11][12][13][14][15][16] but also weight loss, smoking cessation and salt intake restriction [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] (Table 1).…”