Effect of Weight and Temperature upon Oxygen Consumption of the Land Planarian Bipalium kewense

Daly, James J.; Matthews, Herbert M.

doi:10.1086/physzool.55.2.30155850

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Hughes et al, 1971 ;Wallace, 1972 ;Prange & Jackson, 1976;Taigen & Pough, 1981;Pough & Andrews, 1984 ;Garland & Else, 1987 ;Refinetti, 1989 ;Rogers, Olson & Wilmore, 1995;Kotiaho et al, 1998;Eisenmann, Pivarnik & Malina, 2001 ;Batterham & Jackson, 2003 ;Pis, 2003; but see Newell, 1973;Hillman & Withers, 1979;Garland, 1984;Walton, 1988). In addition, metabolic scaling in the colonial ascidean Botrylloides simodensis (Saito, Mukai & Watanabe) has been shown to depend on physiological state (Nakaya et al, 2003), and that of the land planarian Bipalium kewense Moseley on reproductive state (Daly & Matthews, 1982).…”

Section: ( D ) Other Organisms Besides Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the ‘3/4‐power law’: variation in the intra‐and interspecific scaling of metabolic rate in animals

Glazier¹

2005

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In this review I show that the '3/4-power scaling law' of metabolic rate is not universal, either within or among animal species. Significant variation in the scaling of metabolic rate with body mass is described mainly for animals, but also for unicells and plants. Much of this variation, which can be related to taxonomic, physiological, and/or environmental differences, is not adequately explained by existing theoretical models, which are also reviewed. As a result, synthetic explanatory schemes based on multiple boundary constraints and on the scaling of multiple energy-using processes are advocated. It is also stressed that a complete understanding of metabolic scaling will require the identification of both proximate (functional) and ultimate (evolutionary) causes. Four major types of intraspecific metabolic scaling with body mass are recognized [based on the power function R=aMb, where R is respiration (metabolic) rate, a is a constant, M is body mass, and b is the scaling exponent]: Type I: linear, negatively allometric (b<1); Type II: linear, isometric (b=1); Type III: nonlinear, ontogenetic shift from isometric (b=1), or nearly isometric, to negatively allometric (b<1); and Type IV: nonlinear, ontogenetic shift from positively allometric (b>1) to one or two later phases of negative allometry (b<1). Ontogenetic changes in the metabolic intensity of four component processes (i.e. growth, reproduction, locomotion, and heat production) appear to be important in these different patterns of metabolic scaling. These changes may, in turn, be shaped by age (size)-specific patterns of mortality. In addition, major differences in interspecific metabolic scaling are described, especially with respect to mode of temperature regulation, body-size range, and activity level. A 'metabolic-level boundaries hypothesis' focusing on two major constraints (surface-area limits on resource/waste exchange processes and mass/volume limits on power production) can explain much, but not all of this variation. My analysis indicates that further empirical and theoretical work is needed to understand fully the physiological and ecological bases for the considerable variation in metabolic scaling that is observed both within and among species. Recommended approaches for doing this are discussed. I conclude that the scaling of metabolism is not the simple result of a physical law, but rather appears to be the more complex result of diverse adaptations evolved in the context of both physico-chemical and ecological constraints.

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Section: ( D ) Other Organisms Besides Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the ‘3/4‐power law’: variation in the intra‐and interspecific scaling of metabolic rate in animals

Glazier¹

2005

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“…Oxygen consumption in planarians and other free-living turbellarians has been studied chiefly in freshwater species (cf. Vernberg 1968;Heitkamp 1979) and only once in a terrestrial species (Daly and Matthews 1982). An important result that emerged from these studies is the relationship between body size and respiration, in that generally smaller animals have a higher rate of oxygen consumption than larger specimens, when determined on a weight-specific basis; however, some species showed the reverse correlation, while for others no relationship could be established between body size and oxygen uptake (Vernberg 1968 and references therein;Heitkamp 1979).…”

Section: Respiration In Triclads and Other Free-living Turbellariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The habitat temperature of the tropical terrestrial land planarian Bipalium kewense Moseley, 1878 is usually much higher than that of the aquatic triclads mentioned above, albeit that this invasive species has established itself outdoors in, for example, several North American states, the West Indies, Portugal, French Guiana, and France (Sluys 2016;Justine et al 2018). The oxygen consumption of B. kewense specimens from outdoor localities in Arkansas, USA was determined at temperatures varying between 27-33 °C, which yielded respiration rates (µlO 2 /g/WW/h) ranging between 113-290 (Daly and Matthews 1982). It is noteworthy that these values are in the same order of magnitude as those determined for freshwater planarians.…”

Section: Respiration In Triclads and Other Free-living Turbellariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coefficient b based on oxygen consumption of entire specimens of B. kewense ranged between 0.686-0.753, as measured at temperatures ranging between 27-33 °C (Daly and Matthews 1982). These values are in the same order of magnitude as those determined for the freshwater triclads Crenobia alpina (0.66), Dugesia gonocephala (0.82), and Polycelis felina (0.82) and the microturbellarians Mesostoma ehrenbergi (0.625), M. lingua (0.850), and Opistomum pallidum (0.880) (Heitkamp 1979 and references therein).…”

Section: Respiration In Triclads and Other Free-living Turbellariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The evolutionary terrestrialization of planarian flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae): a review and research programme

Sluys¹

2019

ZSE

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The terrestrialization of animal life from aquatic ancestors is a key transition during the history of life. Planarian flatworms form an ideal group of model organisms to study this colonization of the land because they have freshwater, marine, and terrestrial representatives. The widespread occurrence of terrestrial flatworms is a testament to their remarkable success occupying a new niche on land. This lineage of terrestrial worms provides a unique glimpse of an evolutionary pathway by which a group of early divergent aquatic, invertebrate metazoans has moved onto land. Land flatworms are among the first groups of animals to have evolved terrestrial adaptations and to have extensively radiated. Study of this terrestrialization process and the anatomical key innovations facilitating their colonization of the land will contribute greatly to our understanding of this important step in Metazoan history. The context and scientific background are reviewed regarding the evolutionary terrestrialization of land flatworms. Furthermore, a framework of a research programme is sketched, which has as its main objective to test hypotheses on the evolution of land planarians, specifically whether particular anatomical and physiological key innovations have contributed to their evolutionary successful terrestrial colonization and radiation. In this context special attention is paid to the respiration in aquatic and terrestrial planarians. The research programme depends on a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of all major taxa of the land flatworms on the basis of both molecular and anatomical data. The data sets should be analyzed phylogenetically with a suite of phylogenetic inference methods. Building on such robust reconstructions, it will be possible to study associations between key innovations and the evolutionary terrestrialization process.

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“…Moreover, the commonly studied asexual strain of S. mediterranea and other 76 asexual planarians do not seem to age, thus rendering their reversible size changes independent 77 of organismal aging (Glazier, 2005). Previous studies of metabolic rate scaling in planarians 78 suggest a size-dependence of O 2 -consumption (Daly & Matthews, 1982; Hyman, 1919), but the 79 size dependence of P has so far not been systematically quantified. We here report that metabolic 80 rate scaling in S. mediterranea indeed follows Kleiber's law and we apply a combination of 81 experiments and theory to understand its physiological basis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Body size-dependent energy storage causes Kleiber’s law scaling of the metabolic rate in planarians

Thommen

Frank

Jenny

et al. 2018

Preprint

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25Kleiber's law, or the ¾-power law scaling of the metabolic rate with body mass, is considered 26 one of the few quantitative laws in biology, yet its physiological basis remains unknown. Here, 27we report Kleiber's law scaling in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Its reversible and life 28 history-independent changes in adult body size over 2 orders of magnitude reveal that Kleiber's 29 law does not emerge from the size-dependent decrease in cellular metabolic rate, but from a size-30 dependent increase in mass per cell. Through a combination of experiment and theoretical 31 analysis of the organismal energy balance, we further show that the mass allometry is caused by 32 body size dependent energy storage. Our results reveal the physiological origins of Kleiber's law 33 in planarians and thus have general implications for understanding a fundamental scaling law in 34 biology. 35 36 37 . CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.

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Effect of Weight and Temperature upon Oxygen Consumption of the Land Planarian Bipalium kewense

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Beyond the ‘3/4‐power law’: variation in the intra‐and interspecific scaling of metabolic rate in animals

Beyond the ‘3/4‐power law’: variation in the intra‐and interspecific scaling of metabolic rate in animals

The evolutionary terrestrialization of planarian flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae): a review and research programme

Body size-dependent energy storage causes Kleiber’s law scaling of the metabolic rate in planarians

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