“…In comparison with alternate wetting and drying, constant-flooding irrigation decreases the PV, breakdown (BD), and setback (SB) viscosities, gelatinization enthalpy (Δ H gel ), and temperatures; however, the effect on starch granule size and amylopectin chain length distribution has different trends [ 21 ]. In peanuts, the contents of oil, unsaturated fatty acids, and starch in grain increased, while the contents of crude protein, soluble sugar, saturated fatty acids, and amino acids (essential, non-essential, and total) decreased under waterlogging [ 22 ]. Waxy maize is a special maize type with starch is composed of nearly pure amylopectin, which endows its high viscosity, low retrograde, and high stability than normal maize starch and widely used in some industries such as thickening agent, emulgator, adhesive, suspending agent, etc.…”