Effect of water to cement ratio, fly ash, and slag on the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of mortar

Wanasinghe, Dimuthu; Aslani, Farhad; Ma, Guowei

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119409

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To investigate the effect of the water-to-cement ratio on the shielding properties of the cementitious material, Wanasinghe et al, therefore, conducted a series of experiments to observe the changes in the SE of mortar within a frequency band of 30 MHz to 1.5 GHz [ 6 ]. Their results show that increasing the water-to-cement ratio led to a decrease in the SE of the mortar within the given band, while increasing the water-to-cement ratio made the specimen more porous and decreased the specimen density, hence adversely affecting the ability of the EMI absorption of the specimen.…”

Section: Background Of the Shielding Effectiveness Of Cement Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this enhancement was not adequate to compensate for the loss of the overall EMI SE by absorption and reflection. The study also claimed that the optimum water-to-cement ratio that yielded the best EMI SE was 0.3 [ 6 ].…”

Section: Background Of the Shielding Effectiveness Of Cement Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This, therefore, reflects the increasing demand for advanced construction materials with adequate shielding properties. Publications over the past few decades have proposed materials such as polymers, wood-based, modified metallic materials, or cementitious composites to serve the need of the SE since theoretical analysis into the material’s shielding properties has proven that the electrical conductivity and the permeability of the material are critical for shielding effects [ 6 ]. Cementitious materials naturally exhibit a slight conductivity due to the ion transfer within the free water in the mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction Models of Shielding Effectiveness of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites against Electromagnetic Interference

Narayanan

Zhang

Aslani

2023

Sensors

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With the rapid development of communication technology as well as a rapid rise in the usage of electronic devices, a growth of concerns over unintentional electromagnetic interference emitted by these devices has been witnessed. Pioneer researchers have deeply studied the relationship between the shielding effectiveness and a few mixed design parameters for cementitious composites incoporating carbon fibres by conducting physical experiments. This paper, therefore, aims to develop and propose a series of prediction models for the shielding effectiveness of cementitious composites involving carbon fibres using frequency and mixed design parameters, such as the water-to-cement ratio, fibre content, sand-to-cement ratio and aspect ratio of the fibres. A multi-variable non-linear regression model and a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) model were developed to meet the different accuracy requirements as well as the complexity requirements. The results showed that the regression model reached an R2 of 0.88 with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 2.3 dB for the testing set while the BPNN model had an R2 of 0.96 with an RMSE of 2.64 dB. Both models exhibited a sufficient prediction accuracy, and the results also supported that both the regression and the BPNN model are reasonable for such estimation.

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Section: Background Of the Shielding Effectiveness Of Cement Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Of the Shielding Effectiveness Of Cement Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prediction Models of Shielding Effectiveness of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites against Electromagnetic Interference

Narayanan

Zhang

Aslani

2023

Sensors

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“…Gd 2 O 3 and ulexite increased the neutron protection properties of Portland cement and good long-term strength was maintained [19]. An optimal ratio of water to cement of 0.3 was determined for shielding the mortar, but this was increased to 0.4 when fly ash was included to increase the shielding properties [20]. Mortars were successfully combined with the fine aggregate mineral and ores, which did not affect attenuation up to 30% loading [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Shielding Mortars for Radiation Source Transportation and Storage

et al. 2022

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New types of mortar, M1 (60% sand, 25% cement, 10% ball clay, and 15% WO3), M2 (50% sand, 25% cement, 10% ball clay, and 25% WO3), M3 (60% sand, 25% cement, 10% Barite, and 15% WO3), and M4 (50% sand, 25% cement, 10% Barite, and 25% WO3), were prepared and the impact of WO3 and barite on their radiation shielding performance and mechanical properties was evaluated. The radiation attenuation factors were evaluated using five radioactive point sources, and a sodium iodide (NaI) scintillation detector (3″ × 3″) was used to detect the attenuation of gamma ray photons emitted from radioactive sources. The density values of the mortar samples lie within the range of 2.358 and 2.602 g/cm3. The compressive strength and the tensile strength of the prepared mortars increased with the increasing percentage of WO3. The M4 mortar had the highest linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) value. The LAC results demonstrated that adding barite and a high percentage of WO3 into the mortars notably enhanced the radiation shielding performance of the prepared mortar. The relationship between the half value layer (HVL) and the energy is direct, and so was used to calculate the thickness of mortar needed to absorb or scatter half the number of low-energy photons falling on the samples. At 0.06 MeV, the HVL values of the samples were 0.412, 0.280, 0.242, and 0.184 cm for samples M1–M4, respectively. The highest HVL values, obtained at 1.408 MeV, were 5.516, 5.202, 5.358, and 5.041 cm. Thus, a thinner layer of the M4 sample provided comparable attenuation of photons and radiation protection to the thicker M1–M3 samples. The new material is promising as an effective shield of radiation-emitting sources during transportation and long-term storage.

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“…All these admixtures were chosen because they have shown EM shielding capability when used in cementitious materials as a replacement for cement. Although Fly Ash is a waste material, its chemical composition contains Fe 2 O 3 (usually up to 10 %), which can improve the shielding efficiency (SE) of the material due to its high electrical conductivity [ 14 ]. Zinc Ferrite belongs to spinel ferrites (CoFe 2 O 4 , MnFe 2 O 4 , ZnFe 2 O 4 , etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Different Nanomaterials Additions in Clay-Based Composites on Electromagnetic Transmission

et al. 2022

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In this study, clay composites were subjected to electromagnetic transmission testing at frequencies in the region of non-ionizing radiation. Specimens were made with partial substitution of clay with different admixtures by mass. Admixtures used were Fly Ash, four different particle sizes and phases of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Ferrite (ZnFe2O4), Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) and Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO). The additives were thoroughly (chemically, structurally, morphologically) characterized. The replacement percentage was 5 wt.%. Electromagnetic transmission assessment included S21 transmission coefficient measurements for samples with different additives. The lowest transmission was reported for the clay specimens with ATO and Titanium Dioxide, especially at higher frequencies. A decrease in the transmission parameter with increasing specimen thickness was also confirmed.

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Effect of water to cement ratio, fly ash, and slag on the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of mortar

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Prediction Models of Shielding Effectiveness of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites against Electromagnetic Interference

Prediction Models of Shielding Effectiveness of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites against Electromagnetic Interference

Novel Shielding Mortars for Radiation Source Transportation and Storage

The Effect of Different Nanomaterials Additions in Clay-Based Composites on Electromagnetic Transmission

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