Effect of water pressure on absorbency of hydroentangled <i>greige</i> cotton non-woven fabrics

Sawhney, Paul; Allen, Chuck; Reynolds, Michael; Condon, Brian; Slopek, Ryan

doi:10.1177/0040517511416276

Cited by 33 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Because little water is consumed by this process and it does not involve scouring/bleaching steps, this cotton product is more eco-friendly than conventionally-processed cotton. This mechanical process opens and exposes the hydrophilic cellulosic component of a greige cotton fiber to water absorption [13,14]. The waxy cuticle is loosened or lifted from the fiber, exposing pectin and cellulose associated with the primary cell wall, and rendering the cellulose of the secondary cell wall more accessible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Low-Level Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by Unbleached Cotton Nonwovens as Potential Wound Dressing Materials

Edwards

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Nam

et al. 2017

JFB

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Greige cotton is an intact plant fiber. The cuticle and primary cell wall near the outer surface of the cotton fiber contains pectin, peroxidases, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and trace metals, which are associated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation during cotton fiber development. Traditionally, the processing of cotton into gauze involves scouring and bleaching processes that remove the components in the cuticle and primary cell wall. The use of unbleached, greige cotton fibers in dressings, has been relatively unexplored. We have recently determined that greige cotton can generate low levels of H2O2 (5–50 micromolar). Because this may provide advantages for the use of greige cotton-based wound dressings, we have begun to examine this in more detail. Both brown and white cotton varieties were examined in this study. Brown cotton was found to have a relatively higher hydrogen peroxide generation and demonstrated different capacities for H2O2 generation, varying from 1 to 35 micromolar. The H2O2 generation capacities of white and brown nonwoven greige cottons were also examined at different process stages with varying chronology and source parameters, from field to nonwoven fiber. The primary cell wall of nonwoven brown cotton appeared very intact, as observed by transmission electron microscopy, and possessed higher pectin levels. The levels of pectin, SOD, and polyphenolics, correlated with H2O2 generation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Low-Level Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by Unbleached Cotton Nonwovens as Potential Wound Dressing Materials

Edwards

Prevost

Nam

et al. 2017

JFB

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“…A water pressure of 125 bar or higher removes a majority of waxes and thus the levels of absorbency of raw cotton nonwovens vary with water pressure. 9 This nonwoven process was also found to generate surface fibrillation, enlarging the fiber surface area. 7 Previous studies 29,30 show that the adsorption behavior of ADBAC on cotton is significantly influenced by the hydroentangling process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in nonwovens. [7][8][9][10] The use of raw cotton cleaned by a dry process using no water or chemicals can eliminate the costly bleaching process and allows for fast, efficient opening/cleaning preparatory processing (fewer neps compared with bleached cotton fiber), because cotton's natural waxes act as a lubricant. In terms of the microbial contamination of raw cotton, significant reduction of contamination through the mechanical cleaning and complete removal of the microbial burden caused by the hydroentangling process were observed in our previous study, 11 supporting the use of raw cotton nonwovens in non-sterile hygiene applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of polyester blends in hydroentangled raw and bleached cotton nonwoven fabrics on the adsorption of alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride

Nam

Slopek

Condon

et al. 2014

Textile Research Journal

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The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride (ADBAC), a cationic surfactant commonly employed as an antimicrobial agent, on hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics (applicable for wipes) including raw cotton, bleached cotton, and their blends with polyester (PES) were studied at room temperature. The adsorption kinetics of ADBAC on all nonwoven fabrics was best described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Unlike bleached cotton/PES blends, the equilibrium adsorption capacities of ADBAC on raw cotton/PES blends were enhanced in comparison with predictions based on the binary mixing rule. The adsorption rates for raw cotton, determined by the KASRA (kinetics of adsorption study in the regions with constant adsorption acceleration) model and Elovich equation, were significantly greater than those for bleached cotton, resulting in a rapid decrease of adsorption rates when blending with PES, which has a negligible interaction with ADBAC. This distinctive adsorption property of raw cotton was attributed to its unique surface characteristics induced by the hydroentangling process: retained pectin, partial removal of waxes, and surface fibrillation, which enhance electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction, and accessible surface area to ADBAC, respectively. In adsorption isotherms, raw cotton/PES blends exhibited a non-linear decrease in maximum adsorption capacity and monolayer adsorption capacity, calculated by the Langmuir and Langmuir-type equations, respectively, as a function of PES blend ratio.

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“…A few previous research studies conducted at the Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC) with a run-of-the-mill greige cotton had shown that greige cotton lint, when properly opened and cleaned, could be efficiently processed into hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics of acceptable attributes, such as tensile and tear strengths, dimensional stability, and absorbency, without scouring/bleaching. [3][4][5] However, today, the existing nonwoven roll goods manufacturers do not have the required equipment to clean greige/raw cotton as supplied in a traditional bale. Obviously, a reliable supply of clean greige cotton to the nonwovens industry is crucial to the development of cotton-based nonwoven products.…”

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Effects of greige cotton lint properties on hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics

Sawhney

Reynolds

Allen

et al. 2012

Textile Research Journal

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This study determined the effects of fiber length, the length uniformity index, micronaire (fineness), and strength of greige cotton lint on properties of nonwoven fabrics. Seven bales of pre-cleaned greige ( non-bleached) cotton were procured from a US cotton producer and ginner. Each bale primarily had only one particular fiber quality parameter (e.g., length, length uniformity, micronaire, or strength) as a significant variable of interest, while other metrics remained subdued to the most practically possible extent. The fiber stock from each separate bale was processed into a lightly needlepunched substrate/fabric and then uniformly converted into a hydroentangled nonwoven fabric structure of the same nominal weight. All of the fibers and fabrics involved in the study were analyzed for their quality attributes. Although this study did not reveal any clear-cut, significant effects (obvious relations or correlations) of the fiber quality variables/metrics investigated, for the first time ever new information has been given that may be useful in the selection of optimally economical cotton for the production of cotton-based nonwoven fabrics for certain applications. At the minimum, this study has demonstrated that, unlike in traditional yarn-based textile processing, the greige cotton lint(s) of (typically) varied fiber metrics could be satisfactorily processed into viable nonwoven fabrics of acceptable physical and mechanical properties, as determined by standard test methods and procedures.

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Effect of water pressure on absorbency of hydroentangled greige cotton non-woven fabrics

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Induction of Low-Level Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by Unbleached Cotton Nonwovens as Potential Wound Dressing Materials

Induction of Low-Level Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by Unbleached Cotton Nonwovens as Potential Wound Dressing Materials

Effect of polyester blends in hydroentangled raw and bleached cotton nonwoven fabrics on the adsorption of alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride

Effects of greige cotton lint properties on hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics

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