Effect of water on self-assembled tubules in β-sitosterol + γ-oryzanol-based organogels

Adel, Ruud den; Heussen, Patricia C.M.; Bot, Arjen

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/247/1/012025

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such a change (namely in the first reflection) can be explained by the significant amount of other phytosterols present in the mixture, leading to a shift of the peak from 0.99 to 1.10 nm −1 . Despite that, the broad pattern of self‐assembled tubules and the presented reflections are in line with the ones presented by Adel et al . The R g parameter was obtained using the hollow‐cylinder geometry as the predefinition in Primus Software.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…It is possible to recognize that the crystallite monogram is not clear, however besides the main peak, we also identified some weaker reflections and we can associate the peaks at d = 6.18 ± 0.07 Å (001), in the mixed crystalline phase with β‐sitosterol crystallites in oil . The presence of these weaker reflections in a very smooth pattern was also observed in the formation of tubules in the mixture of oryzanol + phytosterols (tall oil sterol from Unilever with 78.1% β‐sitosterol, 10.3% campesterol) 16% total mass in refined sunflower oil …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Sterol‐based oleogels' characterization envisioning food applications

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND Phytosterols, in particular a mixture of pure γ‐oryzanol and β‐sitosterol, develop a tubular system that is able to structure oil. In this study, different concentrations of a combination of γ‐oryzanol and a commercial phytosterol mixture, Vitaesterol®, were used for the development of edible oil oleogels. RESULTS Small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize at nano and molecular scale the aforementioned oleogels and confirm the formation of sterols‐based hollow tubule structures. Increased hardness was observed with the increase of gelator content used in oleogel manufacturing. The produced oleogels showed promising features such as tailored mechanical strength and low opacity, which are important features when considering their incorporation into food products. CONCLUSION Despite differences in gel strength, oleogels exhibited textural characteristics that make these structures suitable for incorporation in food products. The oil migration profile associated with these oleogels can provide a solution for the controlled release of lipophilic compounds as well as for the retention of oil in cooked food products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Sterol‐based oleogels' characterization envisioning food applications

et al. 2019

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“…reflect the bilayer structure of sitosterol monohydrate. 19,27,28 The positions of these peaks are indicated by the two grey solid vertical lines, for later comparison. Sitosterol in an eugenol-based emulsion shows a different crystalline reflection at…”

Section: Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sharp crystallographic sitosterol monohydrate peaks are observed that were encountered previously for the salt-free emulsions with sunflower oil. 18,19 Their position is marked by solid grey vertical lines. These reflections are much stronger in emulsions with D 2 O than in emulsions with H 2 O which reflects the enhanced contrast of the deuterated monohydrate with the hydrogenated organic phase.…”

Section: Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of density profile of self-assembled sitosterol + oryzanol tubules with small-angle neutron scattering

et al. 2012

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Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments have been performed on self-assembled tubules of sitosterol and oryzanol in triglyceride oils to investigate details of their structure. Alternative organic phases (deuterated and non-deuterated decane, limonene, castor oil and eugenol) were used to both vary the contrast with respect to the tubules and investigate the influence of solvent chemistry. The tubules were found to be composed of an inner and an outer shell containing the androsterol group of sitosterol or oryzanol and the ferulic acid moieties in the oryzanol molecule, respectively. While the inner shell has previously been detected in SAXS experiments, the outer shell was not discernible due to similar scattering length density with respect to the surrounding solvent for X-rays. By performing contrast variation SANS experiments, both for the solvent and structurant, a far more detailed description of the self-assembled system is obtainable. A model is introduced to fit the SANS data; we find that the dimensions of the inner shell agree quantitatively with the analysis performed in earlier SAXS data (radius of 39.4 +/- 5.6 angstroms for core and inner shell together, wall thickness of 15.1 +/- 5.5 angstroms). However, the newly revealed outer shell was found to be thinner than the inner shell (wall thickness 8.0 +/- 6.5 angstroms). The changes in the scattering patterns may be explained in terms of the contrast between the structurant and the organic phase and does not require any subtle indirect effects caused by the presence of water, other than water promoting the formation of sitosterol monohydrate in emulsions with aqueous phases with high water activity.

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“…Meanwhile, the plotted curve of a single sitosterol gel showed one sharp peak d 1 = 45.10 Å, which corresponds to a double layer (i.e. a sitosterol molecule of approximately 18–22 Å) . Considering the molecular length of monoglycerid and sitosterol, there was a layer thickness of d 2 35.37 Å in the mixed oleogels, which was indicative of the double‐layer order structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%