Effect of water flow on the arc stability and metal transfer in underwater flux-cored wet welding

Chen, Hao; Guo, Ning; Xiang-hua, Shi; Du, Yongpeng; Feng, Jicai; Wang, Guodong

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.11.010

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Among three main methods of underwater welding, dry, local dry cavity and wet welding, the most common is wet welding, where the electric arc and the joint are with direct contact with water [8][9][10]. Wet welding could be carried out by using covered electrodes, flux cored wires and, more rarely, other welding processes [11][12][13][14][15]. The schema of wet welding by covered electrodes is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temper Bead Welding of S460N Steel in Wet Welding Conditions

Tomków

Fydrych

Łabanowski

2018

Advances in Materials Science

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Wet welding is the most common method of welding in water environment. It is most often used for repairing of underwater parts of offshore structures. However, the water as a welding environment causes an increase of susceptibility of steels to cold cracking. For underwater constructions high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel are widely used. In wet welding condition a HSLA steel is characterized by high susceptibility to cold cracking. Temper Bead Welding (TBW) was chosen as a method to improve the weldability of S460N steel. The studies showed that TBW technique causes significant decrease of maximum hardness of heat affected zone (HAZ). The largest decrease in hardness occurred in specimens with the pitches in range 66-100%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temper Bead Welding of S460N Steel in Wet Welding Conditions

Tomków

Fydrych

Łabanowski

2018

Advances in Materials Science

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“…In this study, the probability of the arc voltage distribution was characterized as Figure 5. As illustrated by Chen [13], there were three regions in the arc voltage distribution probability diagram: the short-circuit region in left; the arc extinction region in right; the large hump in the center which represented the stable combustion of welding arc. An intense and narrow large hump were indicated a stable welding arc, and vice versa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Filling Rate on Underwater Wet Welding Process and Weld Appearance

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Materials

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Real-time electric signal, matter transfer mode and welding pool behavior were obtained to investigate the effect of wires’ filling rate on arc stability and joints’ appearance during underwater wet flux-cored arc welding (FCAW). The electric signal results showed that arc stability first decreased and then increased rapidly because the raise of filling rate affected the number of charged particles and the electrical conductivity of welding arc atmosphere. Two typical transfer modes, globular repelled transfer mode and surface tension transfer mode, were observed in this study. The ratio of surface tension transition could be increased by adding wires’ filling rate. Meanwhile, the geometry of molten pool was changed and the distance between droplets to welding pool reduced as the filling rate increased. The fusion line became more regular and the radius of curvature increased under the effect of bubbles in the molten pool. As the filling rate improving, more slags on the welds surface were acquired and the welds were much flatter and smoother.

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“…Water environment intensifies some problems that have a negative impact on weldability of steel, such as a rapid cooling rate (Guo et al, 2017;Tomków et al, 2018a;Sajek, 2019) and the presence of residual stresses (Aloraier et al, 2004;Hu et al, 2017;Han et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019a;Wang et al, 2019b). The environment also has an impact by increasing the diffusible hydrogen content Chen et al, 2018). The water is a source of potential hydrogen and diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal depends on this amount.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efecto del sistema de apantallamiento de la soldadura y el tiempo de almacenaje de los electrodos en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado

et al. 2019

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In the study the glycerin displacement method was used for determination of diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal. Specimens were welded in the air and in the water with covered rutile electrodes. The first part of the specimens was made immediately after opening the package of the electrodes. The electrodes were then stored in opened packages in laboratory conditions that allowed for contact with the air for three years. After that time, the second part of the samples was made. The results of the measurements of the diffusible hydrogen amount in deposited metal ranged from 32.61 to 39.95 ml/100 g for specimens welded in the air and from 51.50 to 61.34 ml/100 g for specimens made in the water. The statistical analyses were performed in a Statistical software package using the ANOVA module (one-way analysis of variance) with an assumed significance level α = 0.05. The assumption of normality was verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The homogeneity of variance was verified by the Levene test. In the next step, post-hoc analyzes were made. The aim was to determine which averages are significantly different. Scheffe, Tukey, NIR Fisher, Newman-Keuls and Duncan tests were used. Possible changes in the diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal resulting from storage time of electrodes (3 years) were verified by Student's t-test. All of the statistical analysis shows that the storage time of the electrodes has no significant influence on the diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal regardless of the welding environment.Citation/Citar como: Tomków, J., Fydrych, D., Rogalski, G., Łabanowski, J. (2019). "Effect of the welding environment and storage time of electrodes on the diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal". Rev. Metal. 55(1): e140. https:// doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.140

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Effect of water flow on the arc stability and metal transfer in underwater flux-cored wet welding

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

Temper Bead Welding of S460N Steel in Wet Welding Conditions

Temper Bead Welding of S460N Steel in Wet Welding Conditions

Effect of Filling Rate on Underwater Wet Welding Process and Weld Appearance

Efecto del sistema de apantallamiento de la soldadura y el tiempo de almacenaje de los electrodos en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado

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