Effect of warming eyelids on tear film stability and quality of life in visual display terminal users: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the effect of warming eyelids on tear-film stability and quality of life (QoL) in video display terminal (VDT) users. A prospective study was conducted and 45 volunteers with ocular symptoms and tear-film instability associated with VDT use were randomly allocated into the study (n = 22) or control groups (n = 23). Subjects in the study group used eyelid warming steamer (EWS) for 2 weeks and tear fluorescein breakup time (TBUT) after single and 2-week EWS treatment, Schirmer I test, ocular surface staining scores, meibomian gland assessment, severity of dry eye disease (DED) and QoL scores after 2-week EWS treatment were analysed. The TBUT improved after both single and 2-week EWS treatment (P = 0.023 and 0.027, respectively) in the study group. The ocular surface staining scores were significantly decreased only in the study group (P = 0.038). About 60% DED patients in the study group shifted towards non-DED and the pattern of distribution was significantly different compared to baseline (P < 0.001). The QoL scores significantly improved in the study group (P = 0.002) with a negative correlation with TBUT. In conclusion, in VDT users with short TBUT, eyelid warming steamer is effective in improving tear-film stability and QoL.

Analysis of occupational stress and its correlation with oxidative-antioxidant levels among employees of a power grid enterprise in Guangdong

“…In addition, employees in positions such as maintenance and dispatch often work outdoors at high temperatures and altitudes, where changes in temperature and height can affect the expression levels and dynamic balance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in the brain [ 42 ]. As a lesser concern occupational hazard, visual display terminal operation often requires employees to maintain the same posture for long periods, focusing on the same position on the screen and the work content is repetitive and monotonous, often causing occupational stress, musculoskeletal problems, visual fatigue, and anxiety [ 43 ].…”

Video display terminal use and dry eye: preventive measures and future perspectives

“…The 31 articles included in this review were published between January 2004 (Guillon et al 2004) and October 2021 (Ashwini et al 2021) (Guillon et al 2004;Bilkhu et al 2020), Jamaica (Mowatt et al 2018), New Zealand (Wang et al 2017), Brazil (Miura et al 2013), Taiwan (Sun et al 2020), Poland (Chlasta-Twardzik et al 2021 and Egypt (Zayed et al 2021). Table 1 describes the nine included studies that only used subjective symptom scores for DED (Telles et al 2006;Amick et al 2012;Atreya et al 2012;Menendez et al 2012;Logaraj et al 2014;Ranasinghe et al 2016;Kharel Sitaula & Khatri 2018;Mowatt et al 2018;Altalhi et al 2020;Zayed et al 2021).…”

“…In a study using a USB-powered desktop humidifier, tear film stability and subjective comfort improved in computer users with use (Wang et al 2017). Overall, the studies using goggles or desktop devices to decrease excessive evaporation and improve tear film stability showed promising results (Yee et al 2007;Hirayama et al 2013;Wang et al 2017;Ren et al 2018;Bilkhu et al 2020;Sun et al 2020). However, only two studies had a follow-up period (Hirayama et al 2013;Sun et al 2020), whereas the remainder were single-visit studies (Yee et al 2007;Wang et al 2017;Ren et al 2018;Bilkhu et al 2020).…”

“…However, the lipids are temperature sensitive and thicken at lower temperatures, reducing tear film stability (Butovich et al 2010). Devices that heated and insulated the eyelids were found to decrease VDT-related ocular symptoms and stabilize the tear film (Yee et al 2007;Ren et al 2018;Bilkhu et al 2020;Sun et al 2020). Two studies increased tear film stability and subjective comfort using humidifier devices (Hirayama et al 2013;Wang et al 2017).…”

Modern Possibilities of Physiotherapeutic Treatment in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

“…Эффективность применения теплых компрессов в лечении дисфункции мейбомиевых желез у пациентов с различными этиологическими факторами, вызвавшими данную патологию, включая состояние после рефракционной хирургии и у пользователей видеомониторов, неоднократно доказана различными научными исследованиями [13,14]. Однако, как правило, данную методику дополняют механическим воздействием на мейбомиевы железы -массажем век.…”