In order to explore the damage process and characteristics of roadway wall under the impact of gas explosion, in this paper, the numerical model of gas explosion in roadway is established, and the explosion impact response of roadway wall and the stress change of gas explosion in roadway wall are analyzed. The results show that the impact produced by gas explosion is repeatedly reflected and superimposed on the wall, resulting in the high peak overpressure and duration growth in the explosion load process formed in the roadway. The shock wave propagation of gas explosion in wall is dynamic, and will produce tensile stress and compressive stress, causing damage to the interior of the wall. It will drive the wall structure of adjacent areas to move along the action direction of explosion load, resulting in the overall instability and damage of roadway wall structure. The research results can provide reference for gas explosion disaster prevention and explosion accident identification.