Effect of Vitamin E on Antioxidant Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation Products and Glomerulosclerosis in the Rat Remnant Kidney

Abstract

In rats with five-sixth nephrectomy (remnant kidney), glomerulosclerosis was significantly reduced by dietary administration of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) during 11 and 16 weeks after reduction of nephron number. The activity of catalase and the production of H₂O₂ in remnant kidney cortex homogenate were not influenced by the vitamin E diet; however, the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased (up to 140 and 180%, respectively, after 16 weeks). Lipid peroxidation, evaluated by malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal concentrations, was decreased in cortex homogenates and in urine. Though the extent of the effect of vitamin E on antioxidant enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation is small, the important reduction of glomerulosclerosis is in favor of dietary supplementation with vitamin E.

Oxidative Stress in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rat Model: Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid

“…28,29 The traditional antioxidant, Vit E, was found to cause significant reduction of glomerulosclerosis but no change in creatinine clearance or proteinuria with supplementation for 15 weeks in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. 12 Similar findings were reported by Van den Branden et al and Hahn et al 30,31 Our results showed not only a marked structural improvement but also an impressive preservation of renal function and reduction of proteinuria with ALA administration in the progression of this model. Furthermore, these benefits can be maintained after the cessation of treatment.…”

Melatonin ameliorates oxidative stress, inflammation, proteinuria, and progression of renal damage in rats with renal mass reduction

“…In a recent study, Tain et al (40) found significant reduction of glomerulosclerosis but no change in creatinine clearance or proteinuria with vitamin E supplementation for 15 wk in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Similar findings were reported by Van den Branden et al (43) and Hahn et al (7). It should be noted that the use of high doses of antioxidant vitamins in humans has been hampered by the general lack of significant demonstrable benefit and the emerging evidence of adverse outcome found in clinical trials (18).…”

“…Early studies (7,43) showed that vitamin E supplementation reduces glomerulosclerosis in the remnant kidney model. These observations were confirmed in a recent study by Tain et al (40) who found amelioration of glomerulosclerosis without improvement in renal function or proteinuria in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.…”

Advanced Oxidation Protein Products Accelerate Renal Fibrosis in a Remnant Kidney Model

“…Oxidative stress has emerged as a potential mechanism that is involved in the progression of CKD (30 -32) and contributed to hypertrophy of tubular cells as a result of their impact on cell-cycle regulation (33,34). The importance of oxidative stress is illustrated further by the use of antioxidants to antagonize the proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in the remnant kidney model (35). However, although the experimental evidence supports a role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CKD, little is known about the underlying mechanisms (28,29).…”