Effect of vitamin D status on lipid profile in premenopausal women: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective High lipid levels play important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and some authors suggest vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D status on lipid profile in premenopausal women. Patients and methods A total of 315 nonsmoking premenopausal female volunteers without diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Patients were divided into four subgroups. The groups were as follows: patients with less than or equal to 12 ng/ml (group 1, n = 126) vitamin D levels, between 20 and 12 ng/ml (group 2, n = 48), between 30 and 20 ng/ml (group 3, n = 21), and at least 30 ng/ml (group 4, n = 120) vitamin D levels. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and non-HDL-C levels of the four groups were compared. Results HDL-C levels of group 4 were the highest (P = 0.03), and TG and non-HDL-C levels of group 1 were the highest (P = 0.04, 0.016, respectively) in all groups. There was no significant difference between serum parathormone, calcium, and phosphorus levels of the four groups (P = 0.778, 0.121, 0.184, respectively). In unadjusted analysis, 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were found to be correlated negatively with BMI (P = 0.0005), LDL-C (P = 0.01), and non-HDL-C (P = 0.003) and correlated positively with HDL-C levels (P = 0.006). After adjustments for age, sex, BMI, and log parathormone levels were made, no correlation was found between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and lipid (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG) levels (P = 0.91, 0.06, 0.95, 0.79, respectively). Conclusion There may be an association between vitamin D insufficiency and dyslipidemia. However, this association may depend on obesity. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 6:86-91

Association between Dyslipidemia and Vitamin D Deficiency: a Cross-Sectional Study

“…10 In this study, the deficiency of vitamin D was very high, these findings being compatible with the results of other studies. 11,12 The results showed a significant difference in the serum level of lipids with deficiency of vitamin D compared with sufficient vitamin D. These findings agree with the results of many other studies. [13][14][15] Also, the study showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the levels of cholesterol and vitamin D. The relation between hypercholesterolemia and vitamin D deficiency we found in this study may be attributed to the following: a defect in the cholesterol uptake may lead to the increase of its blood level due to a defect in the LDL receptors which leads to a reduction in the level of vitamin D at the same time because the LDL cholesterol is a precursor for vitamin D synthesis.…”

The association of coffee consumption rate with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, non-HDL levels, and TC/HDL ratio in females with vitamin D deficiency

“…26,33,34 Furthermore, a negative association between the 25OHD level and the risk of CAD, including TG and LDL-C, has been suggested in healthy participants and patients. [33][34][35] In this respect, it has been demonstrated that people with normal serum 25OHD have a healthier lipid profile than those with VDD. Nonetheless, as mentioned previously, the association between 25HOD and women's lipid profiles remained unclear.…”

“…In this context, the negative correlation noted between VDD and non-HDL in the current study is consistent with the results of some prior studies that assessed the atherogenic profile in obese females. 26,33,34 Furthermore, a negative association between the 25OHD level and the risk of CAD, including TG and LDL-C, has been suggested in healthy participants and patients. [33][34][35] In this respect, it has been demonstrated that people with normal serum 25OHD have a healthier lipid profile than those with VDD.…”