Effect of Vitamin A, Zinc and Multivitamin Supplementation on the Nutritional Status and Retinol Serum Values in School-Age Children

Carrero, Chrystian; Leal, Jorymar; Ortega, Pablo; Parody, Alexander; Montilla, Marilyn; Sierra, L. Dorantes; Viloria, Amelec; Borrero, Tito Crissien; Varela, Noel

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93803-5_70

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Beyond fatty acid regulation, retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid contribute to diverse biological functions, including vision, adaptive T cell immunity, and gene transcription ( 55 , 56 ). Prevalent in malnourished communities, vitamin A deficiencies drive vision impairments, growth deficits, and even mortality rates ( 57 – 59 ). Largely stored in the liver, hepatic steatosis is linked to vitamin A deficiencies ( 60 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intervention Reverses Fatty Liver and Altered Gut Microbiota during Early-Life Undernutrition

et al. 2020

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), largely studied as a condition of overnutrition, also presents in undernourished populations. Like NAFLD, undernutrition disrupts systemic metabolism and has been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Indeed, chronic exposures to fecal microbes contribute to undernutrition pathology in regions with poor sanitation. Despite a growing prevalence of fatty liver disease, the influence of undernutrition and the gut microbiota remain largely unexplored. Here, we utilize an established murine model (C57BL/6J mice placed on a malnourished diet that received iterative Escherichia coli/Bacteroidales gavage [MBG mice]) that combines a protein/fat-deficient diet and iterative exposure to specific, fecal microbes. Fecal-oral contamination exacerbates triglyceride accumulation in undernourished mice. MBG livers exhibit diffuse lipidosis accompanied by striking shifts in fatty acid, glycerophospholipid, and retinol metabolism. Multiomic analyses revealed metabolomic pathways linked to the undernourished gut microbiome and hepatic steatosis, including phenylacetate metabolism. Intriguingly, fatty liver features were observed only in the early-life, but not adult, MBG model despite similar liver metabolomic profiles. Importantly, we demonstrate that dietary intervention largely mitigates aberrant metabolomic and microbiome features in MBG mice. These findings indicate a crucial window in early-life development that, when disrupted by nutritional deficiency, may significantly influence liver function. Our work provides a multifaceted study of how diet and gut microbes inform fatty liver progression and reversal during undernutrition. IMPORTANCE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains a global epidemic, but it is often studied in the context of obesity and aging. Nutritional deficits, however, also trigger hepatic steatosis, influencing health trajectories in undernourished pediatric populations. Here, we report that exposure to specific gut microbes impacts fatty liver pathology in mice fed a protein/fat-deficient diet. We utilize a multiomics approach to (i) characterize NAFLD in the context of early undernutrition and (ii) examine the impact of diet and gut microbes in the pathology and reversal of hepatic steatosis. We provide compelling evidence that an early-life, critical development window facilitates undernutrition-induced fatty liver pathology. Moreover, we demonstrate that sustained dietary intervention largely reverses fatty liver features and microbiome shifts observed during early-life malnutrition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intervention Reverses Fatty Liver and Altered Gut Microbiota during Early-Life Undernutrition

et al. 2020

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“…Cosupplementation with zinc and selenium during the final 8 weeks of the study significantly reduced these features. 89 Importantly, zinc deficiencies are also prevalent in pediatric undernourished cohorts, 13,92,198 with zinc supplementation linked to modest benefits in linear growth and decreased diarrheal episodes in regions of poor sanitation. 13,92 Whether zinc supplementation exerts beneficial effects on undernourished-induced NAFLD remains unknown.…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Gut-Liver Axis: Exploring an Undernutrition Perspective

et al. 2022

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Effects of Zinc and Multivitamins Supplements on growth in School Children

Ghaffar¹,

Uzair

Mahmood

et al. 2022

PJHS

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Zinc and many vitamins are important for development. Various vitamins and zinc deficiencies are communal in emerging states. Objective: The purpose of this anlaysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of multivitamin supplementation with zinc in enhancing the schoolchildren growth. Methods: Children aged 5-15 attending a public school were included. 160 participants were randomised to take multivitamins (200 IU vitamin D, 1,000 IU vitamin A, 10 mg B1, 1 mg B6, 3 mg B2, nicotinamide 40mg, B12 10 mcg) along with zinc chelated zinc glycinate (20 mg elemental zinc) or once daily placebo treatment was given for 5 days in a week for six-months. The height change from reference value was the primary outcome which was taken significant till conclusion of the analysis. The outcomes which were secondary were variations in BMI, body weight, hip and waist circumference, and ratio of waist-to-height. An intent to treat analysis was accomplished. Results: 80 children were randomly assigned to the control group or 80 in the treatment groups. Children who took multivitamins along with zinc had a greater height increase ((4.5±5.1 vs 3.5±4.1 cm, correspondingly; 0.001 of P value). Subgroup analysis exhibited substantial height improvement, particularly among preadolescents. The greatest increase in height occurred regardless of the initial weight and height. An additional increase in growth is visible subsequently two months of supplement. Variations in the other anthropometrical measures did not differ substantially. Conclusions: 6-month supplementation with zinc chelated and multivitamins significantly increase height among school going children and was better endured.

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Effect of Vitamin A, Zinc and Multivitamin Supplementation on the Nutritional Status and Retinol Serum Values in School-Age Children

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Dietary Intervention Reverses Fatty Liver and Altered Gut Microbiota during Early-Life Undernutrition

Dietary Intervention Reverses Fatty Liver and Altered Gut Microbiota during Early-Life Undernutrition

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Gut-Liver Axis: Exploring an Undernutrition Perspective

Effects of Zinc and Multivitamins Supplements on growth in School Children

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