Effect of viscosity on motion characteristics of bovine sperm

Hyakutake, Toru; Suzuki, Hiroki; Yamamoto, Satoru

doi:10.5226/jabmech.4.63

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The increasing viscosity increases the flow resistance, thus decreasing the sperm velocity (Rikmenspoel, 1984). Hyakutake et al (2015a) investigated the sperm motility for various viscosities, and indicated that the increasing viscosity causes a decline in the rotation of the sperm head. In the present study, the sperm head hardly rotated at high viscosity because of the increasing flow resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental study on the effect of a surrounding fluid on bovine sperm motility in three dimensions

Hyakutake

ORIHARA

Mezaki

2017

JBSE

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We constructed an experimental system that can observe bovine sperm motility in three dimensions, simultaneously from the vertical and horizontal directions. The comparison of the experiments conducted using cover glass and square tubing indicates that the effect of the cover glass on the sperm motility is not negligible. Based on this result, we investigated a three-dimensional trajectory of a motile sperm in the square tubing by simultaneously observing through two high-speed cameras. In addition, we investigated the effect of different viscosities of the surrounding fluid on the sperm motility. The experimental results indicate that the increasing viscosity causes a decline in the sperm motility. Furthermore, we focus on the width of the sperm head and the flagellar shape. At low viscosity, the time variation of the head widths is relevant with the two directions and varies periodically. In contrast, at high viscosity, an almost constant value is maintained and periodical time variations are not observed for both directions. Moreover, a difference in the viscosity is observed for the tortuosity of the flagellum shape. These results suggest that the three-dimensional flagellar structure of the bovine sperm is a helix whose cross-sectional shape is an ellipse with quite a large aspect ratio. Further, the results state whether the rotation or nonrotation of the sperm is dependent on the balance between the viscous resistance acting on the sperm and the torque due to the flagellar shape. The experimental results obtained will be useful in clarifying the mechanics of sperm motility under their actual environmental conditions at high viscosity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mammalian sperm migrates in the oviduct with very high viscosity. Several experiments have been conducted on the effect of this viscosity on the motion characteristics of sperms (Katz et al 1978;Smith et al 2009;Kirkman-Brown et al 2011;Hyakutake et al 2015a). However, these studies were two-dimensional observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the effect of a surrounding fluid on bovine sperm motility in three dimensions

Hyakutake

ORIHARA

Mezaki

2017

JBSE

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“…Indeed, PVP is commonly used in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to slow down a sperm enough for a technician to capture it for injection into an oocyte [ 77 ]. A more interesting observation is that, when sperm are swimming near a wall, as the fluid viscosity increases, the sperm change from a predominantly rolling motility to a planar beating pattern [ 78 , 79 ]. Rolling and planar beating sperm are not fundamentally two different phenotypes—if a planar beating sperm departs from a wall, the same sperm will be seen rolling again [ 48 ].…”

Section: Physical Aspects Of Female Environment That Affect Direction and Speed Of Sperm Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Adaptation of Physical Attributes of the Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract and Sperm to Facilitate Fertilization

Tung

Suárez

2021

Cells

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The functions of the female reproductive tract not only encompass sperm migration, storage, and fertilization, but also support the transport and development of the fertilized egg through to the birth of offspring. Further, because the tract is open to the external environment, it must also provide protection against invasive pathogens. In biophysics, sperm are considered “pusher microswimmers”, because they are propelled by pushing fluid behind them. This type of swimming by motile microorganisms promotes the tendency to swim along walls and upstream in gentle fluid flows. Thus, the architecture of the walls of the female tract, and the gentle flows created by cilia, can guide sperm migration. The viscoelasticity of the fluids in the tract, such as mucus secretions, also promotes the cooperative swimming of sperm that can improve fertilization success; at the same time, the mucus can also impede the invasion of pathogens. This review is focused on how the mammalian female reproductive tract and sperm interact physically to facilitate the movement of sperm to the site of fertilization. Knowledge of female/sperm interactions can not only explain how the female tract can physically guide sperm to the fertilization site, but can also be applied for the improvement of in vitro fertilization devices.

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“…Various imaging approaches have been utilized to examine spermatozoa. For example, their adaptability to high-viscosity environments 1,2 , acrosome reaction, structural changes during maturation and capacitation 3–5 , movement patterns 6,7 , X/Y chromosome bearing ability 8 , motility, apoptosis 9 , and fertilization ability 10 have all been discovered by analyzing spermatozoa morphology 11 . Detailed analyses of spermatozoa head, flagella, acrosome, perinuclear theca, mitochondrion, DNA status, and plasma have also been undertaken using various two-dimensional (2D) imaging techniques 12,13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of bovine spermatozoa substances distribution and morphological differences between Holstein and Korean native cattle using three-dimensional refractive index tomography

Jiang

Kwon

Lee³

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Measurements of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of spermatozoon are crucial for the study of developmental biology and for the evaluation of in vitro fertilization. Here, we present 3D label-free imaging of individual spermatozoon and perform quantitative analysis of bovine, porcine, and mouse spermatozoa morphologies using refractive index tomography. Various morphological and biophysical properties were determined, including the internal structure, volume, surface area, concentration, and dry matter mass of individual spermatozoon. Furthermore, Holstein cows and Korean native cattle spermatozoa were systematically analyzed and revealed significant differences in spermatozoa head length, head width, midpiece length, and tail length between the two breeds. This label-free imaging approach provides a new technique for understanding the physiology of spermatozoa.

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Effect of viscosity on motion characteristics of bovine sperm

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Experimental study on the effect of a surrounding fluid on bovine sperm motility in three dimensions

Experimental study on the effect of a surrounding fluid on bovine sperm motility in three dimensions

Co-Adaptation of Physical Attributes of the Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract and Sperm to Facilitate Fertilization

Reconstruction of bovine spermatozoa substances distribution and morphological differences between Holstein and Korean native cattle using three-dimensional refractive index tomography

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