Effect of vineyard soil variability on chlorophyll fluorescence, yield and quality of table grape as influenced by soil moisture, grown under double cropping system in protected condition

Abstract

Environmental factors greatly influence grape quality. Among them, the effect of within-vineyard variability of soil in relation to soil moisture on table grape under protected condition has rarely been studied. In this present research, we investigated the influence of soil variability, in relation with soil moisture on chlorophyll fluorescence, yield and quality attributes of the “Summer Black” (Vitis vinifera L. × V. labruscana L.) table grape, popularly grown under double cropping system in protected covering in the southern part of China. The vineyard was divided vertically into three sites (lower, middle and upper, 192, 202 and 212 m above sea level, respectively) and data on soil moisture and other yield and quality parameters were recorded. Among the three vineyard sites, middle site resulted in higher yield compared to the upper and lower sites during winter and summer cropping cycles. However, compared to regular summer cycle, winter cycle provided grapevines with higher quality attributes. Polyphasic OJIP fluorescence transient exhibited a considerable increase in fluorescence intensity at J, I and P phase in the upper and middle sites compared to the lower site due to variation in soil moisture in both seasons. Values of fluorescence parameters including minimal fluorescence, relative variable fluorescence at phase J and I, the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II were also influenced by soil moisture in different sites. Different sites also exhibited a significant difference in total phenolics, flavonoid, antioxidant activity and individual anthocyanin which was influenced by available soil moisture. The present study shows that chlorophyll fluorescence OJIP transient can be used as a sensitive indicator to determine the moisture stress in grape grown in a varied soil. Double cropping proved to be a powerful technique to improve the fruit quality. This result may be useful for the table grape growers to better utilize the vineyard soil variability with water management to get higher yield and quality table grape under protected condition.

Sustainable Viticulture: Effects of Soil Management in Vitis vinifera

“…The fluorescence of chlorophyll providing different parameters on photosynthetic flows (considered a reliable indicator of plant stress monitoring; [97][98][99]) leads us to the conclusion that in both years there were no excessively limiting situations for plants (no significant differences were found in the two vintages).…”

Effect of the Seasonal Climatic Variations on the Accumulation of Fruit Volatiles in Four Grape Varieties Under the Double Cropping System

“…Junior et al (2017) showed that the higher values of yield, cluster weight, and titratable acidity (TA) were observed during the summer growing season, whereas the higher values of soluble solids content and pH were observed during winter, which suggested that the grapes harvested during the winter show physicochemical characteristics more suitable than those observed during the summer crops for winemaking purposes in Brazil. However, the winter berries usually had lower cluster weights than the summer berries, thus leading to a lower yield in the winter season (Mitra et al, 2018). Some previous researches reported that the fruitfulness of the second crop of some cultivars, such as "Summer Black, " was much worse in some subtropical areas (Guo et al, 2018).…”

Pruning and dormancy breaking make two sustainable grape-cropping productions in a protected environment possible without overlap in a single year

“…Ten milliliters of the sample was combined with the indicator bromothymol blue and neutral red and titrated with a 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution. The amount of NaOH (mL) was then converted to tartaric acid (Mitra et al, 2018). Skin from the rest of the 30 berry was manually peeled, immediately frozen in liquid N 2 and stored at −80 °C until further analysis of anthocyanin.…”

“…Some approaches were conducted to harvest twice a year not only for table grape production but also for good wine production (Dunuyaali, Okamoto & Shimamura (1983); Lin et al, 1985; Lin, 1987; Favero et al, 2011; Bai et al, 2008; Yan et al, 2014). Recently, for winemaking purposes, the winter fruits in Brazilian showed physicochemical traits more favorable than those from the summer season, because the summer fruits had higher cluster weight and titratable acidity while the winter ones featured a higher total soluble solids (TSS) content and pH value (Junior et al, 2017; Mitra et al, 2018). However, the approaches could not sustainably produce two crops in the following year.…”