Effect of Vibration Wave Treatment of an Impregnation Composition on the Properties of Nonwoven Material

Abstract

Vibration-wave treatment of latex impregnation compositions improves the physicomechanical properties of latex films and nonwoven materials impregnated with a mixture of latexes. Nonwoven materials fabricated with the impregnation compositions undergoing vibration-wave treatment have better filtering capacity than materials manufactured by the traditional adhesive method.Nonwoven materials (NM) fabricated by physical chemistry technology, in particular by the adhesive method, can be considered polymer composite materials. In fabrication of NM by impregnation, polymer binders are frequently used in the form of aqueous dispersions. The multiphase character and other colloid-chemical characteristics of such heterogeneous disperse systems are manifested to a greater degree due to the appearance of new interfacial surfaces on the boundaries of the substrate and reinforcing component fibres. The search for methods of fabrication and processing composites, including with use of new technologies, has expanded with the increase in the level of technical requirements for the properties of composite materials and the articles made from them. One of the new technologies is wave technology, which allows enhancing mass exchange in these systems at relatively low power consumption [1].We studied the effect of vibration waves on impregnation compositions and the properties of NM made with them. Mixtures of DL-940 butadienestyrene latex and AK-252 B polyacrylic latex were used as the impregnation compositions. Since NM have been proposed for use as filter materials, it was necessary to consider that the components used in production of the nonwoven materials could be washed out during their use, for example, for filtration of liquid media. For this reason, latex compositions were prepared with no additives. In addition to filtering capacity, the requirements imposed on this type of materials include a relatively high level of physicomechanical properties to ensure prolonged use in liquid medium.In assessing the effect of vibration-wave treatment on different polyacrylic latexes (AK-238, AK-234, AK-252A, AK-252B), preliminary experiments showed that films made of these latexes even without cros-linking additives are characterized by high elastic-strength properties comparable to the values of films made of self-cross-linking latexes (AK-253 A and AK-253 B).The properties of films made of mixed DL-940 and AK-252 B latexes prepared in different ratios and undergoing vibration-wave treatment for different times were then investigated. The results of the physicomechanical tests of these films are reported in Table 1. The tests were conducted with the KONO-2 design matrix [2]. The variation factors are: X 1 , the ratio of DL-940:AK-252B latexes; X 2 , the duration of vibration mixing of the latexes, min.The regression equations obtained were evaluated statistically and graphically in the form of response surfaces. Based on these evaluations, the following conclusions were drawn: the maximum strength of the latex films and maximum elong...

Fabrication of sorption-active nonwoven materials

“…The observed increase in the strength characteristics of latex films in turn improves the physicomechanical properties of the nonwovens, including filled nonwovens. The use of latex compositions treated with vibrations produced materials of sufficient strength without incorporating additional crosslinking agents in the composite [2,3].…”

Development of methods of manufacturing nonwoven sorbing materials

“…The experiments on the mechanical effect on latex impregnation composites revealed the dependence of the physicomechanical characteristics of NW on the type of effect [3,4]. Vibrational treatment of mixed latexes based on rigidchain (butadienestyrene DL-940) and polyacrylic AA-252A) and flexible-chain (polyacrylic AA-252B) copolymers increased the strength of latex films.…”