Effect of varying skin surface electrode position on electroretinogram responses recorded using a handheld stimulating and recording system

Hobby, Angharad; Kozareva, Diana; Yonova-Doing, Ekaterina; Hossain, Ibtesham T.; Katta, Mohamed; Huntjens, Byki; Hammond, Christopher J.; Binns, Alison; Mahroo, Omar A.

doi:10.1007/s10633-018-9652-z

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“… 55 It is difficult to compare directly the ERG parameters in different animals under ISCEV standard methods, because there are lots of other factors affecting ffERG, such as eyebyall sizes (size of retinal area), orbital rim thickness, location of electrodes, electodes materials, general anesthesia, and so on. 56 , 57 The implicit time of the a-wave (16.12 ms) and b-wave (41.06 ms) in scotopic 3.0 ERG (rod-cone response) in our study were similar to those reported by Bouskila et al in the rod-cone response of green monkeys (14.8 ms and 36.7 ms, respectively). 58 Furthermore, our ERG results (aged 14 months and weighed 30 kg) were comparable to those of other pig studies and valuable with a relatively larger number of subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Normative Data of Axial Length, Retinal Thickness Measurements, Visual Evoked Potentials, and Full-Field Electroretinography in Female, Wild-Type Minipigs

Choi

Anh

et al. 2021

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to present normative data of optical coherence tomography (OCT), electrophysiological, and ocular biometry parameters and their correlation in minipigs. Methods Eighty-eight eyes of 44 minipigs underwent full-field electroretinogram (ERG) recording and ocular biometry. However, 10 eyes of 6 minipigs were excluded because of poor OCT image quality. The thickness of the retinal sublayers was measured on a vertical line at 5 locations with a 1 mm interval from the disc margin to the dorsal periphery and at 10 locations on the visual streak. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were measured in 15 eyes of 8 minipigs. Results All minipigs were female with a mean age and axial length of 13.83 ± 10.56 months and 20.33 ± 0.88 mm, respectively. The implicit time of the a-wave and b-wave in scotopic 3.0 ERGs was longer than that in photopic 3.0 ERG. The implicit time of the n2-wave and p2-wave in VEP was 25.67 ± 7.41 ms and 52.96 ± 10.38 ms, respectively. The total retinal layer (TRL) and nerve fiber layer (NFL) became thinner near the periphery. The inner retinal sublayers near the visual streak were thicker than those at other locations. Central TRL and NFL thickness on visual streak was 223.06 ± 23.19 µm and 74.03 ± 13.93 µm, respectively. The temporal TRL and NFL on the visual streak were thicker than those on the nasal side. Conclusions The normative electrophysiological and OCT parameters used in our study can be used as reference data in further pig studies. Translational Relevance This study presents normative data of minipigs, which are adequate animal models for preclinical studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Normative Data of Axial Length, Retinal Thickness Measurements, Visual Evoked Potentials, and Full-Field Electroretinography in Female, Wild-Type Minipigs

Choi

Anh

et al. 2021

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“… 15 – 18 , 27 The assessment of visual function used in the current study required < 5 min of testing per patient and does not require pupil dilation, 31 dark adaption, or eye-contacting electrodes. 32 The hand-held RET eval device is a turnkey system that can be administered by a technician or medical assistant with minimal training requirements. Addition of measurement of retinal function should enhance the predictive value of AI algorithms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Risk Assessment in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy by Combining Measures of Retinal Function and Structure

Brigell

Chiang

Maa

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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To determine whether combining measures of retinal structure and function predicts need for intervention for diabetic retinopathy (DR) better than either modality alone. Methods: The study sample consisted of 279 diabetic patients who participated in an earlier cross-sectional study. Patients were excluded if they were previously treated for macular edema or proliferative DR or if they had other retinopathies. Medical records were reviewed for ocular interventions including vitrectomy, intravitreal injection, and laser treatment. Need for intervention was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional hazards. Baseline electroretinograms and fundus photographs were obtained. Two definitions of structural positive findings were as follows: 1. Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study diabetic retinopathy severity scale (ETDRS-DR) severity ≥ level 53 (ETDRS-DR+) and 2. ETDRS-DR+ or clinically significant macular edema (VTDR+). A positive function finding corresponded to a RETeval DR Score >23.5 (RETeval+). Results: For patients with VTDR+ the incidence of intervention was 19%, 31%, and 53% after 1, 2, and 3 years of follow-up. In these patients, intervention incidence increased to 34%, 54%, and 74% the subsequent 1, 2, and 3 years if function was above criterion (RETeval+), whereas RETeval− results reduced the risk to 3%, 4%, and 29%, respectively, reducing risk to similar levels seen for patients with VTDR− results at baseline. Conclusions: Prediction of subsequent intervention was best when combining structural and functional information. Translational Relevance: This study demonstrates that clinical management of diabetic retinopathy is improved by adding electroretinography to fundus photographic information in assessing the risk of the need for intervention.

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“…Photographic images of each eye allowed post-analysis of electrode placement and fixation using a calibrated graticule. Electrode position can affect the amplitude of the ERG signal [65] and eyes for which the electrode position was > 4 mm were excluded. All images were inspected, and the position of the electrode measured with a weighting of 2 mm below the eye set at 0 in the statistical model.…”

Section: Electroretinography (Erg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroretinography and contrast sensitivity, complementary translational biomarkers of sensory deficits in the visual system of individuals with fragile X syndrome

Perche

Lesne²,

Patat³

et al. 2021

J Neurodevelop Disord

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Background Disturbances in sensory function are an important clinical feature of neurodevelopmental disorders such as fragile X syndrome (FXS). Evidence also directly connects sensory abnormalities with the clinical expression of behavioral impairments in individuals with FXS; thus, positioning sensory function as a potential clinical target for the development of new therapeutics. Using electroretinography (ERG) and contrast sensitivity (CS), we previously reported the presence of sensory deficits in the visual system of the Fmr1−/y genetic mouse model of FXS. The goals of the current study were two-folds: (1) to assess the feasibility of measuring ERG and CS as a biomarker of sensory deficits in individuals with FXS, and (2) to investigate whether the deficits revealed by ERG and CS in Fmr1−/y mice translate to humans with FXS. Methods Both ERG and CS were measured in a cohort of male individuals with FXS (n = 20, 18–45 years) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 20, 18–45 years). Under light-adapted conditions, and using both single flash and flicker (repeated train of flashes) stimulation protocols, retinal function was recorded from individual subjects using a portable, handheld, full-field flash ERG device (RETeval®, LKC Technologies Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA). CS was assessed in each subject using the LEA SYMBOLS® low-contrast test (Good-Lite, Elgin, IL, USA). Results Data recording was successfully completed for ERG and assessment of CS in most individuals from both cohorts demonstrating the feasibility of these methods for use in the FXS population. Similar to previously reported findings from the Fmr1−/y genetic mouse model, individuals with FXS were found to exhibit reduced b-wave and flicker amplitude in ERG and an impaired ability to discriminate contrasts compared to healthy controls. Conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility of using ERG and CS for assessing visual deficits in FXS and establishes the translational validity of the Fmr1−/y mice phenotype to individuals with FXS. By including electrophysiological and functional readouts, the results of this study suggest the utility of both ERG and CS (ERG-CS) as complementary translational biomarkers for characterizing sensory abnormalities found in FXS, with potential applications to the clinical development of novel therapeutics that target sensory function abnormalities to treat core symptomatology in FXS. Trial registration ID-RCB number 2019-A01015-52 registered on the 17 May 2019.

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Effect of varying skin surface electrode position on electroretinogram responses recorded using a handheld stimulating and recording system

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Normative Data of Axial Length, Retinal Thickness Measurements, Visual Evoked Potentials, and Full-Field Electroretinography in Female, Wild-Type Minipigs

Normative Data of Axial Length, Retinal Thickness Measurements, Visual Evoked Potentials, and Full-Field Electroretinography in Female, Wild-Type Minipigs

Enhancing Risk Assessment in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy by Combining Measures of Retinal Function and Structure

Electroretinography and contrast sensitivity, complementary translational biomarkers of sensory deficits in the visual system of individuals with fragile X syndrome

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