Effect of Varroa jacobsoni (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) on Feral Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in California

Kraus, Bernhard; Page, Robert E.

doi:10.1093/ee/24.6.1473

Cited by 122 publications

(107 citation statements)

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“…There was no trend to lower varroa build up among the 34 colonies with FKB <95 % removal. The annual varroa increase we quantified is greater than the 12-fold estimate based on simulation modelling (Martin, 1998) but is within the wide range, 10-300 fold, found in previous empirical research (De Guzman et al, 2007;Fries et al, 1991;Kraus and Page, 1995). These earlier studies were carried out in different locations and conditions, and estimated varroa increase indirectly by counting mite fall onto the hive bottom board rather than directly, as in our study.…”

Section: Virus Quantificationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Towards integrated control of varroa: effect of variation in hygienic behaviour among honey bee colonies on mite population increase and deformed wing virus incidence

Toufailia

Amiri

Scandian

et al. 2014

Journal of Apicultural Research

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SummaryHygienic behaviour in the honey bee, Apis mellifera, is the uncapping and removal of dead, diseased or infected brood from sealed cells by worker bees. We determined the effect of hygienic behaviour on varroa population growth and incidence of deformed wing virus (DWV), which can be transmitted by varroa. We treated 42 broodless honey bee colonies with oxalic acid in early January 2013 to reduce varroa populations to low levels, which we quantified by extracting mites from a sample of worker bees. We quantified varroa levels, again when the colonies were broodless, 48 weeks later. During the summer the hygienic behaviour in each colony was quantified four times using the Freeze Killed Brood (FKB) removal assay, and ranged from 27.5 % to 100 %. Varroa population increased greatly over the season, and there was a significant negative correlation between varroa increase and FKB removal. This was entirely due to fully hygienic colonies with >95 % FKB having only 43 % of the varroa build up of the less hygienic colonies. None of the 14 colonies with >80 % FKB removal had overt symptoms of DWV, whilst 36 % of the less hygienic colonies did. Higher levels of FKB removal also correlated significantly with lower numbers of DWV RNA copies in worker bees, but not in varroa mites. On average, fully hygienic colonies had c. 10,000 times less viral RNA than less hygienic colonies. Hacia el control integrado de varroa: efecto de la variación en el comportamiento higiénico entre colonias de abejas de la miel con aumento de la población de ácaros y de la incidencia de virus de las alas deformadas ResumenEl comportamiento higiénico en la abeja de la miel, Apis mellifera, se basa en el desoperculado y la eliminación de la cría muerta, enferma o infectada a de las celdas selladas por las abejas obreras. Se determinó el efecto del comportamiento higiénico en el crecimiento de la población de varroa y la incidencia del virus de las alas deformadas (VAD), que puede ser transmitido por la varroa. Se han tratado 42 colonias de abejas de la miel sin larvas con ácido oxálico a principios de enero de 2013 para reducir las poblaciones de varroa a niveles bajos, lo que fue cuantificado mediante la extracción de los ácaros de una muestra de las abejas obreras. Se cuantificaron los niveles de varroa, de nuevo cuando las colonias no tenían cría, 48 semanas después. Durante el verano, el comportamiento higiénico en cada colonia se cuantificó cuatro veces utilizando el ensayo de congelar la cría para matarla (BCM), y este varió entre el 27,5% y el 100%. La población de Varroa aumentó considerablemente durante la temporada, y se observó una correlación negativa significativa entre el aumento de la varroasis y la 556 Toufailia et al.

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Section: Virus Quantificationsupporting

confidence: 78%

Towards integrated control of varroa: effect of variation in hygienic behaviour among honey bee colonies on mite population increase and deformed wing virus incidence

Toufailia

Amiri

Scandian

et al. 2014

Journal of Apicultural Research

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“…Substantial concerns have been raised about the future availability of honeybee pollination services. Indeed, owing to the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, an invasive species from Asia [9], most wild and feral honey bee colonies in Europe and the USA have vanished, leaving only those kept by beekeepers [10][11][12]. Unfortunately, in recent decades beekeeping has been an industry in decline in the USA [6,7] and most European countries [8].…”

Section: Current Status and Trends Of Pollinatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts and drivers

Potts¹,

Biesmeijer²,

Kremen³

et al. 2010

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

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3,688

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“…This expectation seems to be supported by a study of wild colonies of European honeybees in central California conducted in 1990-1994, shortly after the arrival of V. destructor , which found that this population of colonies was nearly eradicated (Kraus and Page 1995b). Likewise, a population of wild colonies of European honeybees in Arizona was decimated between 1990 and 1998 when it was invaded first by tracheal mites (Acarapis woodi ) and then by V. destructor (Loper et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A survivor population of wild colonies of European honeybees in the northeastern United States: investigating its genetic structure

et al. 2015

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-There is a widespread belief that wild colonies of European honeybees have been eradicated in Europe and North America, killed by viruses spread by the introduced ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor. In reality, however, several populations of wild colonies of honeybees in Europe and North America are persisting despite exposure to Varroa . To help understand how this is happening, we tested whether the bees in one of these populations of wild colonies-those living in and around the Arnot Forest (NY, USA)-are genetically distinct from the bees in the nearest managed colonies. We found that the Arnot Forest honeybees are genetically distinct from the honeybees in the two apiaries within 6 km of the forest. Evidently, the population of Arnot Forest honeybees is not supported by a heavy influx of swarms from the nearest managed colonies, which implies that it is self-sustaining. These results suggest that if a closed population of honeybee colonies is allowed to live naturally, it will develop a balanced relationship with its agents of disease. Indeed, it is likely to become well adapted to its local environment as a whole. We suggest four ways to modify beekeeping practices to help honeybees live in greater health.host-parasite coevolution / avirulence / survivor population / wild honeybees / Arnot Forest

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Effect of Varroa jacobsoni (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) on Feral Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in California

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Towards integrated control of varroa: effect of variation in hygienic behaviour among honey bee colonies on mite population increase and deformed wing virus incidence

Towards integrated control of varroa: effect of variation in hygienic behaviour among honey bee colonies on mite population increase and deformed wing virus incidence

Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts and drivers

A survivor population of wild colonies of European honeybees in the northeastern United States: investigating its genetic structure

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