Effect of Various Surface Treatments on the Performance of Jute Fibers Filled Natural Rubber (NR) Composites

Roy, Kumarjyoti; Debnath, Subhas Chandra; Tzounis, Lazaros; Pongwisuthiruchte, Aphiwat; Potiyaraj, Pranut

doi:10.3390/polym12020369

Cited by 61 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The crosslinking density of the vulcanized rubber determines their mechanical properties in which the increase in the crosslink density lead to the improvement of mechanical properties [ 27 , 28 ]. It was determined by equilibrium swelling in toluene and based on the Flory–Rehner equation [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Rubber Latex Foam Reinforced with Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose via Dunlop Method

et al. 2020

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Natural rubber latex foam (NRLF) was reinforced with micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose at a loading content of 5–20 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) via the Dunlop process. Cellulose powder from eucalyptus pulp and bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a microcellulose (MC) and nanocellulose (NC) reinforcing agent, respectively. NRLF, NRLF-MC, and NRLF-NC exhibited interconnected macroporous structures with a high porosity and a low-density. The composite foams contained pores with sizes in a range of 10–500 µm. As compared to MC, NC had a better dispersion inside the NRLF matrix and showed a higher adhesion to the NRLF matrix, resulting in a greater reinforcement. The most increased tensile strengths for MC and NC incorporated NRLF were found to be 0.43 MPa (1.4-fold increase) and 0.73 MPa (2.4-fold increase), respectively, by reinforcing NRLF with 5 phr MC and 15 phr NC, whereas the elongation at break was slightly reduced. Compression testing showed that the recovery percentage was improved to 34.9% (1.3-fold increase) by reinforcement with 15 phr NC, whereas no significant improvement in the recovery percentage was observed with MC. Both NRLF-MC and NRLF-NC presented hydrophobic surfaces and good thermal stability up to 300 °C. Due to their highly porous structure, after a prolong immersion in water, NRLF composites had high water uptake abilities. According to their properties, the composite foams could be further modified for use as green absorption or supporting materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Rubber Latex Foam Reinforced with Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose via Dunlop Method

et al. 2020

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“…The effect of the modification of natural fibers with silicon compounds on the properties of polymer biocomposites is less known, especially in the case of rubber. Several research studies attempted to improve compatibility between natural fiber and rubber using the addition of compatibilizer or fiber surface modification [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Chemically Modified (Selected Silanes) Lignocellulosic Filler and Its Application in Natural Rubber Biocomposites

2020

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This article concerns the functional properties of elastomeric composites reinforced with modified lignocellulosic material obtained from cereal straw. The aim of the research was to acquire new knowledge on the effectiveness of cereal straw modification methods in multifunctional properties, while reducing the flammability of newly designed elastomeric materials made of natural rubber. The article deals with investigating and explaining dependencies that affect the performance and processing properties of polymer biocomposites containing modified cereal straw. Three different silanes were used to modify the lignocellulosic filler: n-Propyltriethoxysilane, Vinyltriethoxysilane, and 3,3′-Tetrathiobis(propyl-triethoxysilane). The influence of the conducted modifications on the morphology and structure of straw particles was investigated using a scanning electron microscope, contact angle measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis technique. The increase in hydrophobicity and thermal stability of natural fibers was confirmed. In turn, the impact of silanization on the properties of filled composites was determined on the basis of rheometric characteristics and cross-linking density, static mechanical properties, tear resistance, thermal stability, and flammability tests. Noteworthy was the improvement of the mechanical strength of biocomposites and their resistance to burning. Correlations affecting the structure, morphology, dispersion, and properties of produced composites can facilitate the indication of a further research path in the field of development of new elastomeric biomaterials.

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“…One could therefore expect the DPF-NaOH fibers to be the reinforcement with the highest reinforcing potential, especially in the presence of MAPP. In fact, during the alkali treatment, part of the soluble lignin at the surface of the fibers was removed, exposing a higher amount of hydroxyl groups at the surface of the fibers [ 57 ]. However, Figure 10 shows that enzymatic treatment was the most appropriate treatment in terms of reinforcing potential.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Yield Lignocellulosic Fibers from Date Palm Biomass as Reinforcement in Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Fiber Treatment on Composite Properties

et al. 2020

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In this work, date palm waste (DPW) stemming from the annual pruning of date palm was used as reinforcing filler in polypropylene (PP) matrix at 40% w/w. Three pre-treatment routes were performed for the DPW, namely (i) defibration, (ii) soft alkali treatment, and (iii) enzymatic treatment, to obtain date palm fibers (DPF) and to investigate the effect of each process on their chemical composition, which will ultimately affect the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. The enzymatic and alkali treatment, combined with maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as a coupling agent, resulted in a composite with higher strength and stiffness than the neat PP. The differences in the reinforcing effect were explained by the change in the morphology of DPF and their chemical surface composition according to the selected treatment of DPW. Enzymatic treatment maximized the tensile strength of the compound as a consequence of an improvement in the interfacial shear strength and the intrinsic resistance of the fibers.

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Effect of Various Surface Treatments on the Performance of Jute Fibers Filled Natural Rubber (NR) Composites

Cited by 61 publications

References 34 publications

Natural Rubber Latex Foam Reinforced with Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose via Dunlop Method

Natural Rubber Latex Foam Reinforced with Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose via Dunlop Method

Properties of Chemically Modified (Selected Silanes) Lignocellulosic Filler and Its Application in Natural Rubber Biocomposites

High-Yield Lignocellulosic Fibers from Date Palm Biomass as Reinforcement in Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Fiber Treatment on Composite Properties

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