Effect of Various Substances On Survival Times of Mice Exposed to Different High Oxygen Tensions

Gerschman, Rebeca; Gilbert, Daniel L.; Caccamise, Daniel

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1958.192.3.563

Cited by 77 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The lowest mnortality was less than half that in the other two groups, it was not a significant difference by a chi-squared test. The mean times of premature death with their ranges were 11 (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) hr, 12 (11)(12)(13) hr, and 14.5 (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) hr for the saline, NAC, and methylprednisolone groups, respectively.…”

Section: Premature Deathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several thiol compounds have been shown to protect tissues against oxygen toxicity, either by supporting glutathione biosynthesis or by acting as direct scavengers of reactive electrophilic species via the chemical reactivity of their thiol group (6)(7)(8)(9). Four years ago we began a series of experiments to see whether the clinically available thiol-containing drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC) had a potential role in the prophylaxis and treatment of oxygen and other forms of pulmonary toxicity such as that from acrolein and phosgene inhalation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of N-Acetylcysteine and Methylprednisolone As Therapies for Oxygen and Acrolein-Induced Lung Damage

Critchley¹,

Beeley²,

Clark³

et al. 1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Reactive oxidizing species are implicated in the etiology of a range of inhalational pulmonary injuries. Consequently, various free radical scavengers have been tested as potential prophylactic agents. The sulfydryl compound, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the only such compound clinically available for use in realistic dosages, and it is well established as an effective antidote for the hepatic and renal toxicity of paracetamol. Another approach in pulmonary injury prophylaxis is methylprednisolone therapy. We evaluated NAC and methylprednisolone in two rat models of inhalational injury: 40-hr exposure to >97% oxygen at 1.1 bar and 15-min exposure to acrolein vapor (210 ppm). For oxygen toxicity, NAC (80 mg) or methylprednisolone (10 mg) were given IP every 2 or 6 hr, respectively. For acrolein, single doses of NAC (1 g/kg) and methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) were given intravenously 15 min before exposure. In sham-exposed control animals, neither treatment favorably effected mortality, lung wet/dry weight ratios, or pulmonary histology. The increases in lung wet/dry weight ratios, seen with both oxygen and acrolein toxicity were reduced with both treatments. However, with oxygen, NAC therapy was associated with considerably increased mortality and histological changes. Furthermore, IP NAC administration resulted in large volumes of ascitic fluid. With acrolein, IV, NAC had no significant effect on mortality or pulmonary histological damage. Methylprednisolone had no beneficial effects on either the mortality or histological damage observed in either toxicity model. We caution against the ad hoc use of NAC in the management of inhalational pulmonary injury.

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Section: Premature Deathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of N-Acetylcysteine and Methylprednisolone As Therapies for Oxygen and Acrolein-Induced Lung Damage

Critchley¹,

Beeley²,

Clark³

et al. 1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…In mice protection against convulsions and lethality has been reported (Gerschman et al, 1954(Gerschman et al, ,1958Orel et al, 1956;van den Brenk and Jamieson, 1962a). The effect on lung damage in rats is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: E-ffect Of Cysteamine and Pentobarbital Sodium On Ohp Damagementioning

confidence: 93%

Pulmonary Damage Due to High Pressure Oxygen Breathing in Rats

Jamieson

1962

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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SUMMARY The dehydrogenase activities of rat lung, brain and liver were measured before and after exposure of rats to oxygen at 60 p.s.i. gauge pressure (OHP). The rate of methylene blue coupled oxidation of lung tissue was progressively decreased by OHP with an approximately 50 p.c. decline in activity following one hour exposure of animals to OHP. Pentobarbital sodium or cysteamine, administered prior to exposure to OHP, prevented the inhibition of enzyme activity. Death by anoxia had no effect on the dehydrogenase activity of lung tissue. No decrease in the rate of methylene blue coupled oxidation occurred in brain or liver tissue of rats exposed to OHP.

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“…11) The effects of exogenous antioxidant administration on the prevention of diseases was proposed by Gerschman, 12) and these beneficial effects could influence the life span. 13) This study examined the effect of the exogenous administration of a natural product, such as Fraxetin, on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster, and on its vital capacity.…”

Section: -9)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11) The effects of exogenous antioxidant administration on the prevention of diseases was proposed by Gerschman,12) and these beneficial effects could influence the life span.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activity of Fraxetin: In Vivo and ex Vivo Parameters in Normal Situation versus Induced Stress.

Fernández-Puntero

Barroso

Iglesias

et al. 2001

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Free radicals generation during cellular metabolism is the main cause of molecular damage underlying the aging process.1) Several authors assert that induced stress enhanced this process, because the deleterious effects of free radicals are progressive and accumulative. [2][3][4] The effect of free radicals in the Drosophila melanogaster life span has been amply studied. 5,6) Various authors have demonstrated a decrease in negative geotaxis in aging, so microgravity is an adequate measure of the vital capacity of flies. [7][8][9] This investigation establishes the influence of stress provoked by the assay of microgravity (flying capacity reduction) in the life span of flies. Therefore, we have evaluated the survival values of the population submitted to an assay of microgravity during its development until the death of the last individual.Their life expectancy is relative to their basal metabolic rate 10) and can be altered by diet, temperature, light and exposure to antioxidants. These conditions affect the level of free radicals.11) The effects of exogenous antioxidant administration on the prevention of diseases was proposed by Gerschman,12) and these beneficial effects could influence the life span.13) This study examined the effect of the exogenous administration of a natural product, such as Fraxetin, on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster, and on its vital capacity.On the other hand, we evaluated the biochemical parameters associated with the free radical theory. Reduced forms of glutathione are capable of reducing various free radicals, 14) so the oxidative status could be evaluated by measuring this natural antioxidant. Another parameter affected by the induced stress is lipid peroxidation. An increase in lipid peroxides is usually taken as an estimator of oxidative stress. 15,16) So, both parameters could establish oxidative status, but an increase in GSH content does not always correspond with the decrease in lipid peroxidation, since both parameters can be produced by different mechanisms. This feature indicates the complex mechanisms implicated in oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsOregon R Drosophila fruit flies were maintained in an environmentally controlled incubator at 25°C on a 12/12 h light/dark cycle, with constant humidity. Flies were fed a free PUFA diet, based on an agar (1.1%) culture medium containing sugar (7.5%), corn flour (3.5%) and the yeast Sacharomyces cerevisiae (7.5%). The treatment was introduced in the daily diet at different ages of the animal model, following the model proposed by Miquel. 17) In the case of the treatment groups, Fraxetin was directly incorporated on the culture medium, so the culture medium of the treatment groups was homogenous concentration of 1 mM of Fraxetin. We did not use an organic solvent to solve Fraxetin, and there was no influence of solvents on oxidative stress or life span in our research. The treatment groups were the Control (without treatment, as comparation), F-0 (Fraxetin treatment from the 1st day, 1 mM), F-1 (Fraxetin ...

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Effect of Various Substances On Survival Times of Mice Exposed to Different High Oxygen Tensions

Cited by 77 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of N-Acetylcysteine and Methylprednisolone As Therapies for Oxygen and Acrolein-Induced Lung Damage

Evaluation of N-Acetylcysteine and Methylprednisolone As Therapies for Oxygen and Acrolein-Induced Lung Damage

Pulmonary Damage Due to High Pressure Oxygen Breathing in Rats

Antioxidant Activity of Fraxetin: In Vivo and ex Vivo Parameters in Normal Situation versus Induced Stress.

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