Effect of various fillers on the friction and wear of polytetrafluoroethylene-based composites

Tanaka, Kyuichiro; Kawakami, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(82)90170-3

Cited by 242 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The activation energy from this fit is E a =3.7 kJ/mol, which less than the value obtained by Tanaka et al [10] (E a =7.5 kJ/mol). This low value of activation energy is consistent with a friction coefficient that is dominated by the breaking of van der Waals intermolecular bonds [11].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 42%

Cryogenic Friction Behavior of PTFE based Solid Lubricant Composites

et al. 2005

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Solid lubricants used in aerospace applications must provide low friction and a predictable operation life over an extreme range of temperatures, environments and contact conditions. PTFE and PTFE composites have shown favorable tribological performance as solid lubricants. This study evaluates the effect of temperature on the friction coefficient of neat PTFE, a PTFE/ PEEK composite and an expanded PTFE (ePTFE)/epoxy coating. These experiments evaluate friction coefficient over a temperature span which, to the investigators' knowledge, has not been previously examined. Results show a monotonic increase in friction coefficient as sample surface temperature was decreased from 317 to 173 K for all three samples. The frictional performance of these and other published solid lubricant polymers was modeled using an adjusted Arrhenius equation, which correlates the coefficient of friction of the polymer materials to their viscoelastic behavior. A model fit of all the polymer data from 173 to 450 K gives an activation energy of 3.7 kJ/mol. This value suggests that breaking of van der Waals bonds is the likely mechanism responsible for the frictional behavior over this temperature range.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 42%

Cryogenic Friction Behavior of PTFE based Solid Lubricant Composites

et al. 2005

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“…More recently Karger-Kocsis et al have carried out detailed tribological investigations on rubbers containing novel reinforcing fillers such as organophilic nanoclay [6], carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes [7,8]. Besides this, Polytetrafluoroethyl-ene (PTFE) with its remarkably low friction coefficient has also gained interest for use in tribological applications [9][10][11][12]. In rubbers, PTFE was initially used as a reinforcing additive in Silicone and Fluorosilicone rubbers [13][14][15] and afterwards in Styrene-butadiene-rubber, Acrylonitrile-butadienerubber and Butyl rubber [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the enhanced compatibility of PTFE powder resulting from the specific chemical coupling of PTFE powder with EPDM has been found crucial for mechanical, friction and wear properties. Vol.3, No.1 (2009) [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.7 ene (PTFE) with its remarkably low friction coefficient has also gained interest for use in tribological applications [9][10][11][12]. In rubbers, PTFE was initially used as a reinforcing additive in Silicone and Fluorosilicone rubbers [13][14][15] and afterwards in Styrene-butadiene-rubber, Acrylonitrile-butadienerubber and Butyl rubber [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure-property effects on mechanical, friction and wear properties of electron modified PTFE filled EPDM composite

Khan¹,

Lehmann²,

Heinrich³

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Tribological properties of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-rubber (EPDM) containing electron modified Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been investiagted with the help of pin on disk tribometer without lubrication for a testing time of 2 hrs in atmospheric conditions at a sliding speed and applied normal load of 0.05 m·s -1 and FN = 1 N, respectively. Radiation-induced chemical changes in electron modified PTFE powders were analyzed using Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) specroscopy to characterize the effects of compatibility and chemical coupling of modified PTFE powders with EPDM on mechanical, friction and wear properties. The composites showed different friction and wear behaviour due to unique morphology, dispersion behaviour and radiation functionalization of PTFE powders. In general, EPDM reinforced with electron modified PTFE powder demonstrated improvement both in mechanical and tribological properties. However, the enhanced compatibility of PTFE powder resulting from the specific chemical coupling of PTFE powder with EPDM has been found crucial for mechanical, friction and wear properties. Vol.3, No.1 (2009) [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.7 ene (PTFE) with its remarkably low friction coefficient has also gained interest for use in tribological applications [9][10][11][12]. In rubbers, PTFE was initially used as a reinforcing additive in Silicone and Fluorosilicone rubbers [13][14][15] and afterwards in Styrene-butadiene-rubber, Acrylonitrile-butadienerubber and Butyl rubber [16]. New PTFE-based rubber compounds and compounding procedures have been introduced in improving mechanical properties of both low-strength (ethylene propylene, silicone) and high-strength (nitrile) rubbers for O-rings, sealing and valves etc. [17]. However, PTFE especially in rubbers have not been achieved with any commercially significant success. This is mainly due to the intractability of PTFE in providing homogeneous formulation because of its poor wetting and dispersion characteristic. This problem results from the unique properties of PTFE, most probably its highly hydrophobic surface which resists wetting. There is indeed a strong motivation to investigate new techniques and procedures for the use of PTFE powder in rubber compound as solid lubricant for tribological applications. More recently, chemically coupled PTFE-polyamide [18] and PTFE-rubber [19] compounds based on the modification of PTFE powder by high energy electrons has opened a new way in producing materials for tribological applications. Radiation functionalization produces PTFE micropowders containing persistent trapped-radicals radicals and functional groups on the surface of PTFE powder can be easily compounded into elastomers such as EPDM rubber. A detailed characterization related to the mechanical, friction and wear properties of PTFE-based EPDM compounds have been presented by the authors in [20,21]. In previous attemp...

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“…However, CuO, CuS, and CuF 2 increased the friction coefficients of the filled PA or PEEK composites. Bahadur and Tabor, 3 Tanaka et al, 4 and Gong et al 5,6 found that Cu, CuO, CuS, etc., were effective in reducing the wear of PTFE, but some of them increased the friction coefficient of PTFE. However, until now, almost all of these studies have been carried out under unlubricated (dry friction) conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Friction and wear characteristics of copper and its compound-filled PTFE composites under oil-lubricated conditions

Zhang

Xue

Liu

et al. 1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Four kinds of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based composites, such as pure PTFE, PTFE ϩ 30(v)%Cu, PTFE ϩ 30(v)%Cu 2 O, and PTFE ϩ 30(v)%CuS composite, were prepared. Then the friction and wear properties of the PTFE composites filled with Cu, Cu 2 O, or CuS sliding against GCr15-bearing steel under both dry and liquid paraffin-lubricated conditions were studied by using an MHK-500 ring-block wear tester. Finally, the worn surfaces and the transfer films of these PTFE composites formed on the surface of GCr15-bearing steel were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an optical microscope, respectively. Experimental results show that the antiwear properties of these PTFE composites can be greatly improved by filling Cu, Cu 2 O, or CuS to PTFE, and the wear of these PTFE composites can be decreased by two orders of magnitude compared to that of pure PTFE under dry friction conditions. Meanwhile, CuS increases the friction coefficient of the PTFE composite, but Cu and Cu 2 O reduce the friction coefficients of the PTFE composites. However, the friction and wear properties of Cu, Cu 2 O, or CuS-filled PTFE composites can be greatly improved by lubrication with liquid paraffin. The friction coefficients of these PTFE composites can be decreased by one order of magnitude compared to those under dry friction conditions, while the wear of these PTFE composites can be decreased by one to two orders of magnitude. The PTFE ϩ 30(v)%Cu composite exhibits excellent friction and wear-reducing properties under higher loads in liquid paraffinlubricated conditions, so the PTFE ϩ 30(v)%Cu composite is much more suitable for application under oil-lubricated conditions in practice. Optical microscope investigation of transfer films shows that Cu, Cu 2 O, and CuS enhance the adhesion of the transfer films to the surface of GCr15-bearing steel, so they greatly reduce the wear of the PTFE composites. However, the transfer of the PTFE composites onto the surface of GCr15-bearing steel can be greatly reduced by lubrication with liquid paraffin, but the transfer still takes place. SEM examination of worn surfaces shows that the interaction between liquid paraffin and the PTFE composites, especially the absorption of liquid paraffin into the surface layers of the PTFE composites, creates some cracks on the worn surfaces of Cu 2 O or CuS-filled PTFE composites, the creation and development of the cracks reduces the load-carrying capacity of the PTFE composites; this leads to the deterioration of the friction and wear properties of the PTFE composites under higher loads in liquid paraffin lubrication.

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Effect of various fillers on the friction and wear of polytetrafluoroethylene-based composites

Cited by 242 publications

References 4 publications

Cryogenic Friction Behavior of PTFE based Solid Lubricant Composites

Cryogenic Friction Behavior of PTFE based Solid Lubricant Composites

Structure-property effects on mechanical, friction and wear properties of electron modified PTFE filled EPDM composite

Friction and wear characteristics of copper and its compound-filled PTFE composites under oil-lubricated conditions

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