Effect of Various Combustible Materials on Insulating Properties of Refractory Bricks

Odewale, Isiaka O.; Ameh, E. M.; Amaakaven, Victor T.D.; Idu, Felix U.; Aluma, Collins C.; David, Babatunde Joseph; Abe, Oluwakayode. Boluwaji.; Ogunkunle, Dele Kehinde

doi:10.3844/sgamrsp.2020.168.179

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This may be attributed to the development of the vitreous phase which initiates the stalemate of the pore in the sintered clay samples and increasing the bonding strength [7,14]. The bulk density values fall approximately within the suggested minimum of 2g/cm 3 for porcelain body [17,24,34]; 1.7 g/cm 3 -2.1g/ cm 3 for dense refractory bricks [35] and range of 0.8 g/cm 3 -2.9 g/cm 3 [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This may occur as a result of the percentage losses on ignition (LOI) of the clays samples (Table . 3), high loss on ignition of clay sample usually leads to high linear shrinkage of the clay. It may crop up probably due to the development that usually occurs along with the changes of low quartz to high quartz and the high quartz to high critobalite polymorphic modifications that happened while sintering between 573 O C and 1250 O C [17]. Also, the more a clay sample is bonds together during sintering, the less porous and denser it is and the more shrinks it becomes [7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, it is widely used for the production of electrical porcelain insulator and other equipments such as, circuit breaker, cut out switch component for power bushing weather shed and suspension high voltage insulator [16]. Odewale, et al, [17] developed a standard 33 KVA porcelain insulator using Nsu clay and other local raw materials. The research indicated that good quality 33KVA porcelain insulator of international standard can be produced locally with 100% local content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of some clay deposits in southern zone of Ebonyi state of Nigeria and their potentials for industrial utilization

Isiaka Olajide Odewale,

Victor Tyonenge Dhave Amaakaven,

Stan Chinweike Ekenyem

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Characterization of some clay deposits in Southern zone of Ebonyi State of Nigeria were carried out to determine their potentials for industrial applications. Chemical and mineralogical analyses of the clay samples were determined using x-ray florescence spectroscope (XRF) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD) respectively. The characteristics investigated before / after sintered at various temperatures were physical appearance, loss on ignition, plasticity, linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, bulk density, modulus of rupture, water absorption, thermal shock resistance and estimated refractoriness. The results obtained indicated that the clay samples are mostly kaolinitic clay deposits and chemically composed of mainly silica ranging 42.24 % to 61.21% and alumina ranging 15.11 % to 35.41%. The results of chemical and physical characteristics examined confirmed that the clay samples are suitable for industrial applications such as paper, paint, fertilizer, refractory bricks, ceramic tiles, porcelain insulator product e.t.c. Additionally, exploitation of two of the clay samples for porcelain insulator and dense refractory brick signified that excellent qualities of 33KVA porcelain insulators and dense refractory bricks of intercontinental standard can be fashioned locally with 100% local content. However, if these clay deposits can be utilized for industrial applications, it will go a long way in sinking the huge amount depleted in importation of many ceramic products and creating employment opportunity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of some clay deposits in southern zone of Ebonyi state of Nigeria and their potentials for industrial utilization

Isiaka Olajide Odewale,

Victor Tyonenge Dhave Amaakaven,

Stan Chinweike Ekenyem

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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“…2 & Table . 1). This may occur possibly as a result of the expansion that travels along with the low quartz to high quartz and the high quartz to high critobalite polymorphic modifications that occurred during sintering between 573°C and 1400°C [20]. Also, it may occur due to high loss on ignition (15.34%) of Ekoli Edda clays compared to that of other raw materials (Table . 2).…”

Section: Thermal Stress Resistance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of Ekoli Edda clay for 33KVA porcelain insulator production

Oluwakayode Boluwaji Abe,

Isiaka Olajide Odewale,

Victor Tyonenge Dhave Amaakaven

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Exploitation of Ekoli Edda clay to devise 33KVA porcelain insulator was done to ascertain the appropriateness of available local raw materials for porcelain insulators production. Ekoli Edda clay was used to formulate eleven samples (A to K) with other materials after characterization and formed using jigger jolleying machine. The properties scrutinized after sintering at 14000C signified that samples A - K had linear shrinkage ranging 7.5% to 2.5% with compressive strength ranging 21.14MPa to 30.84MPa respectively. The study uncovered that samples A - K as declared above had water absorption ranging from 3.06% - 1.21% with matching values of 1.092% - 0.011% succeeding glazing respectively. The apparent porosity indicated that samples A - K had 3.10% - 1.29% with resultant values of 1.331% - 0.031% after glazing, while bulk density result confirmed that samples A - K had 1.94g/cm3 - 3.03g/cm3. Flash over voltage results exposed that samples A - K had 30 KVA - 37 KVA with matching thermal stress resistance result ranging from 20 - 8 numbers of cycles correspondingly. It was discovered that the higher the percentage of Ekoli Edda clay in the recipe of the porcelain insulators, the higher the linear shrinkage, porosity, thermal stress resistance and water absorption while the lower the compressive strength, bulk density and flash over voltage of the porcelain insulators. On the other hand, sample K endow with the most encouraging result when reflecting on the properties affirmed above. Consequently, sample K is recommended for mass production of 33KVA porcelain insulator. It was noted that with 100% local raw materials, 33KVA porcelain insulator of global standard can be produced locally. Hence, exploitation of the local content for mass production of the porcelain insulators will not only lessen the cost or stop their importation, but it will also create employment opportunity, enhance and broaden the wealth of the nation.

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“…Refractories are materials, which have high temperature and chemical resistance and are used in the insulation of furnaces and kilns against heat loss and chemical damage [1]. Refractory materials retain their shape, strength and chemical identity at high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation and Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Characteristics of Refractory Bricks Produced Using Fireclay and Agroforestry Wastes

Obidiegwu

Esezobor

Mgbemere

et al. 2022

JCME

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Manufacturing and processing industries usually consume large quantities of materials and energy in the course of their operations. The energy supplied for high-temperature processes are used partially for the actual technical process and between 30 to 40% of the energy escapes through the walls of the reactor into the atmosphere, leading to a high degree of thermal inefficiency and fuel consumption. This paper studies the thermal behaviour of insulating refractory bricks produced from a blend of fireclay and agroforestry wastes. The fireclays used were obtained from Ukpor deposit in Anambra State (Latitude 5.95°N, Longitude 6.92°E), Osiele deposit in Abeokuta, Ogun State (Latitude 7.18°N, Longitude 3.45°E) and Kankara Katsina State (Latitude 11.93°N, Longitude 7.41°E), all of which are in Nigeria. Samples were prepared with various weight percentages (60–100 wt.%) clays and (0–40 wt.%) of agroforestry waste, with grain sizes between 212 and 600 µm. Raw materials and the developed refractory bricks were characterised using appropriate standard techniques. The chemical, mineralogical constituents and phases present in the microstructure were examined. Physical and thermo-mechanical properties were investigated. The insulating refractory bricks developed have porosity of 78.83% , cold crushing strength (CCS) 3.144 kN/m2 and thermal conductivity 0.04–0.046 W/(m∙K) that compare favourably with imported bricks 75–85%, 2.756 kN/m2 and 0.049 W/(m∙K) in both physical, mechanical and thermal properties respectively. The reason is that the agroforestry waste used (coconut shell), served to create the pores that improve insulation after burning. Also the ash that remains serves as reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties. The thermal behaviour of the bricks was studied using Finite Element Method and shows a strong correlation with the experimental findings. This indicates that the produced insulating bricks have the thermal properties required for insulation of furnaces.

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Effect of Various Combustible Materials on Insulating Properties of Refractory Bricks

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Characterization of some clay deposits in southern zone of Ebonyi state of Nigeria and their potentials for industrial utilization

Characterization of some clay deposits in southern zone of Ebonyi state of Nigeria and their potentials for industrial utilization

Exploitation of Ekoli Edda clay for 33KVA porcelain insulator production

A Simulation and Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Characteristics of Refractory Bricks Produced Using Fireclay and Agroforestry Wastes

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