Effect of various antibiotics on gastrointestinal colonization and dissemination by<i>Candida albicans</i>

Kennedy, Michael J.; Volz, Paul A.

doi:10.1080/00362178585380391

Cited by 115 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…2b and c). The levels of anaerobic bacteria in the cecum in our studies is consistent with that reported previously (27). The levels of C. albicans in the GI tract decreased during the regrowth of the bacterial microbiota but remained elevated at day 12 posttreatment (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Role of Antibiotics and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic Responses

et al. 2004

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Over the past four decades, there has been a significant increase in allergy and asthma in westernized countries, which correlates with alterations in fecal microbiota (microflora) and widespread use of antibiotics (the "hygiene hypothesis"). Antibiotics also lead to overgrowth of the yeast Candida albicans, which can secrete potent prostaglandin-like immune response modulators. We have developed a mouse model of antibioticinduced microbiota disruption that includes stable increases in gastrointestinal (GI) enteric bacteria and GI Candida levels with no introduction of microbes into the lungs. Mice are treated for 5 days with cefoperazone in the drinking water, followed by a single oral gavage of C. albicans. This results in alterations of GI bacterial populations and increased yeast numbers in the GI microbiota for at least 2 to 3 weeks and can drive the development of a CD4 T-cell-mediated allergic airway response to subsequent mold spore (Aspergillus fumigatus) exposure in immunocompetent mice without previous systemic antigen priming. The allergic response in the lungs is characterized by increased levels of eosinophils, mast cells, interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-13, gamma interferon, immunoglobulin E, and mucus-secreting cells. In the absence of antibiotics, mice exposed to Aspergillus spores do not develop an allergic response in the airways. This study provides the first experimental evidence to support a role for antibiotics and fungal microbiota in promoting the development of allergic airway disease. In addition, these studies also highlight the concept that events in distal mucosal sites such as the GI tract can play an important role in regulating immune responses in the lungs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Role of Antibiotics and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic Responses

et al. 2004

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“…T-RFLP data were converted into a standard community matrix where, for each sample, the position of the peak was assigned as an OTU and the height of the peak reflected the abundance of the OTU. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of these data was carried out using R (http://www.r-project.org) and the cca function in the R -package vegan (9). To test whether significant differences between treatment groups were seen, first, the model was tested for significance using the function anova.cca, which performs an analysis of variance (ANOVA)-like permutation test for the joint effect of the constraints.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cefoperazone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has been shown to have dramatic long-term effects on the indigenous microbiota of mice (1). Broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, like cefoperazone, predisposes mice to Candida GI overgrowth and candidiasis (7,9), and studies have demonstrated that cefoperazone can cause long-term alterations of the cecal microbiota (1). Most importantly, Candida colonization of the stomach modulated the antibiotic recovery of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), antagonizing Lactobacillus and facilitating Enterococcus faecalis colonization (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans and Bacterial Microbiota Interactions in the Cecum during Recolonization following Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Therapy

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACTCandida albicansis a normal member of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiota of healthy humans, but during host immunosuppression or alterations in the bacterial microbiota,C. albicanscan disseminate and cause life-threatening illness. The bacterial microbiome of the GI tract, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), plays a vital role in preventing fungal invasion. However, little is known about the role ofC. albicansin shaping the bacterial microbiota during antibiotic recovery. We investigated the fungal burdens in the GI tracts of germfree mice and mice with a disturbed microbiome to demonstrate the role of the microbiota in preventingC. albicanscolonization. Histological analysis demonstrated that colonization withC. albicansduring antibiotic treatment does not trigger overt inflammation in the murine cecum. Bacterial diversity is reduced long term following cefoperazone treatment, but the presence ofC. albicansduring antibiotic recovery promoted the recovery of bacterial diversity. Cefoperazone diminishesBacteroidetespopulations long term in the ceca of mice, but the presence ofC. albicansduring cefoperazone recovery promotedBacteroidetespopulation recovery. However, the presence ofC. albicansresulted in a long-term reduction inLactobacillusspp. and promotedEnterococcus faecalispopulations. Previous studies have focused on the ability of bacteria to alterC. albicans; this study addresses the ability ofC. albicansto alter the bacterial microbiota during nonpathogenic colonization.

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“…Although C. albicans can colonize all portions of the gastrointestinal tract, colonization is typically maximal in the cecum of the adult mouse, and the cecum is most often used to monitor candida colonization in mice (32,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39) (40) without uracil for cultivation of yeast containing the URA3 gene. The lower limit of assay detection was 3.0 log 10 /g of cecum.…”

Section: Albicans Colonization and Invasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cecal Colonization and Systemic Spread of Candida albicans in Mice Treated with Antibiotics and Dexamethasone

Bendel¹,

Wiesner

Garni

et al. 2002

Pediatr Res

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Effect of various antibiotics on gastrointestinal colonization and dissemination byCandida albicans

Cited by 115 publications

References 30 publications

Role of Antibiotics and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic Responses

Role of Antibiotics and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic Responses

Candida albicans and Bacterial Microbiota Interactions in the Cecum during Recolonization following Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Therapy

Cecal Colonization and Systemic Spread of Candida albicans in Mice Treated with Antibiotics and Dexamethasone

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