Effect of vaginal douching and different semen extenders on bacterial load and fertility in turkeys

Omprakash, A.V.; Venkatesh, Gantala

doi:10.1080/00071660600829209

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…However, the BPSE extender was found to be superior to CARI and LAKE diluents in maintaining the motility, viability and normal morphology of spermatozoa under liquid storage for 48 hours at 4°C. These findings were in line with those reported in past research in Turkey and guinea fowl spermatozoa (Venkatesh 2005;Laffaldano 2010;Keerthy 2016). Furthermore, good reproductive rates (74%) were obtained in turkey sperm diluted with BPSE extender, inseminated after twenty-four (24) hours of storage (Burrows and Quinn 1937), which could also be due to preserved higher spermatozoa motility (Keerthy 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of semen extenders, dilution rates and storage periods on spermatozoa quality of Horasi chicken ecotype

Burilo,

Kashoma

2023

Appl. Vet. Res.

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Numerous semen extenders have been recommended for storing poultry semen. This study was conducted to assess a suitable extender, storage period and dilution rate for semen collected from the Horasi chicken ecotype. To accomplish the objectives, a 4 x 4 x 4 factorial experiment in a completely randomized design employing four extenders (BPSE, LAKE, CARI and garlic extract mixture), four dilution rates (1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5) and four storage periods (0, 12, 24 and 48 hours) was used. Semen samples were collected from ten Horasi cockerels using the abdominal massage technique, kept at 4°C and subsequently examined for semen motility, viability and normalcy after extension with specific diluent, each dilution rate and storage period. Sperm motility and viability were significantly (p<0.05) reduced across all extenders and dilution rates examined, while defective spermatozoa increased with storage period. The Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE) maintained high spermatozoa motility, viability, and normalcy at all dilution rates and storage periods tested, followed by the CARI and LAKE extenders, whereas the Garlic extender performed worse at all dilution rates and storage periods than the other extenders, especially at a 1:5 dilution rate and 48 hours of storage. Based on our findings, a high percentage of sperm motility, viability, and normalcy for Horasi chicken ecotype semen were observed while using BPSE at a dilution rate of 1:2, and the quality was maintained throughout the storage period tested. Thus, it is concluded that BPSE extender at a 1:2 dilution rate is a suitable extender for Horasi chicken ecotype semen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of semen extenders, dilution rates and storage periods on spermatozoa quality of Horasi chicken ecotype

Burilo,

Kashoma

2023

Appl. Vet. Res.

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“…Most poultry semen extenders do contain an antibiotic with gentamicin being the most common antibiotic. One study showed that using an antibiotic solution as a douche of the distal oviduct just before AI improved fertility and hatchability as well as decreased embryonic death in turkeys [Omprakash and Venkatesh, ]. The extender used in this study did include gentamicin but the female's cloacas were not flushed with antibiotic before AI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semen Characteristics and artificial insemination in rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome)

et al. 2011

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This work was performed as part of a multi-year study to determine the cause of the low fertility in captive rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) and attempt to increase the fertility through artificial insemination (AI). Semen collection and characterization was performed on 14 male rockhopper penguins. The samples were evaluated for volume, sperm concentration, and sperm quality (motility, forward motility, viability, and morphology). There was a large variation between individuals and between collections for each individual. Mean volume of ejaculate was 0.24 ml. Mean concentration was 47.09 × 10(6) sperm/ml. Mean number of sperm per collection was 6.57 × 10(6). The mean motility was 49.4%. Mean forward motility was 1.7. Mean percentage of living sperm was 88.9%. Mean percentage of sperm with normal morphology was 69.4%. AI was performed on a total of 10 females using pooled semen samples. The birds were also allowed to naturally mate. Ten eggs were laid and three fertile eggs were produced, one of them hatched but died within 24 hr. Paternity testing was performed using 12 microsatellite loci, but unfortunately due to insufficient variability, the paternity of the chick and two embryos could not be determined.

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“…The reproductive system of birds is unique in its anatomy [3], providing a great precondition for possible bacterial contamination of semen, which is a main factor influencing the success of artificial insemination. Specifically, semen passing through the vas deferens into the cloaca is at high risk of being infested with fecal bacteria originating from the gastrointestinal tract [2,4]. Sperm agglutination, morphological abnormalities, and DNA damage of male gametes, seminal oxidative stress, and a subsequent endangered fertility in humans, bulls, rabbits, and boars, have been often associated with bacterial infections of the urogenital tract [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bacterial Profiles and Their Interactions with Selected Quality, Oxidative, and Immunological Parameters of Turkey Semen

Lenický

Slanina

Kačániová

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study focused on the identification of naturally occurring bacteria in the reproductive fluid and impact on the quality of ejaculates obtained from the turkey breed British United Turkeys (BUT) Big 6 (n = 60). We determined possible relationships between the bacterial load and advanced sperm quality parameters that are important for effective artificial insemination and high fertility, as well as the concentration of selected antimicrobial proteins and pro-inflammatory markers of turkey semen. Sperm motility was assessed with computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), while the membrane and acrosome integrity were examined with smearing and staining methods. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was quantified via luminometry, sperm DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the TUNEL assay, and the JC-1 assay was applied to evaluate the mitochondrial membrane potential. Cell lysates were prepared to investigate the extent of lipid and protein oxidation. Furthermore, levels of interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1, IL-6), C-reactive protein, cathelicidin, and β-defensin were quantified in the seminal plasma using the ELISA method. The most dominant species identified by the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus lentus, and Citrobacter braakii. The bacterial load had a negative effect on the sperm motility (p < 0.001), as well as membrane (p < 0.05) and acrosome integrity (p < 0.01). A strong positive relationship between the bacterial load and DNA fragmentation (p < 0.001) was detected as well. Positive associations were recorded between the increasing presence of bacteria, ROS overgeneration (p < 0.001), and a subsequent oxidative damage to the proteins (p < 0.001) and lipids (p < 0.01). It was revealed that the antimicrobial peptides β-defensin (p < 0.001) and cathelicidin (p < 0.001) had a positive relationship with the motility. In contrast, pro-inflammatory markers, such as IL-1 (p < 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.001), had a negative impact on the motion behavior of turkey spermatozoa. Our results suggest that the semen quality may be notably affected by the bacterial quantity as well as quality. It seems that bacteriospermia is associated with inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, sperm structural deterioration, and a subsequent risk for a failed artificial insemination in turkey breeding.

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Effect of vaginal douching and different semen extenders on bacterial load and fertility in turkeys

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of semen extenders, dilution rates and storage periods on spermatozoa quality of Horasi chicken ecotype

Effect of semen extenders, dilution rates and storage periods on spermatozoa quality of Horasi chicken ecotype

Semen Characteristics and artificial insemination in rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome)

Identification of Bacterial Profiles and Their Interactions with Selected Quality, Oxidative, and Immunological Parameters of Turkey Semen

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