Effect of urea on lead absorption in corn (Zea mays L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

Peñafiel-Sandoval, Zelma Beatriz; Iannacone, José

doi:10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n2.85082

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…References [ 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 , 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 , 215 , 216 , 217 , 218 , 219 ...…”

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Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Peruvian Food and Medicinal Products

Tejada-Purizaca,

Garcia-Chevesich,

Ticona-Quea

et al. 2024

Foods

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To better query regional sources of metal(loid) exposure in an under-communicated region, available scientific literature from 50 national universities (undergraduate and graduate theses and dissertations), peer-reviewed journals, and reports published in Spanish and English were synthesized with a focus on metal(loid) bioaccumulation in Peruvian food and medicinal products utilized locally. The study considered 16 metal(loid)s that are known to exert toxic impacts on humans (Hg, Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Sn, Ni, Ag, Pb, Se, Tl, Ti, and U). A total of 1907 individual analyses contained within 231 scientific publications largely conducted by Peruvian universities were analyzed. These analyses encompassed 239 reported species classified into five main food/medicinal groups—plants, fish, macroinvertebrates and mollusks, mammals, and “others” category. Our benchmark for comparison was the World Health Organization (Codex Alimentarius) standards. The organisms most frequently investigated included plants such as asparagus, corn, cacao, and rice; fish varieties like trout, tuna, and catfish; macroinvertebrates and mollusks including crab and shrimp; mammals such as alpaca, cow, chicken eggs, and milk; and other categories represented by propolis, honey, lichen, and edible frog. Bioaccumulation-related research increased from 2 to more than 25 publications per year between 2006 and 2022. The results indicate that Peruvian food and natural medicinal products can have dangerous levels of metal(loid)s, which can cause health problems for consumers. Many common and uncommon food/medicinal products and harmful metals identified in this analysis are not regulated on the WHO’s advisory lists, suggesting the urgent need for stronger regulations to ensure public safety. In general, Cd and Pb are the metals that violated WHO standards the most, although commonly non-WHO regulated metals such as Hg, Al, As, Cr, and Ni are also a concern. Metal concentrations found in Peru are on many occasions much higher than what has been reported elsewhere. We conclude that determining the safety of food/medicinal products is challenging due to varying metal concentrations that are influenced not only by metal type but also geographical location. Given the scarcity of research findings in many regions of Peru, urgent attention is required to address this critical knowledge gap and implement effective regulatory measures to protect public health.

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unclassified

Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Peruvian Food and Medicinal Products

Tejada-Purizaca,

Garcia-Chevesich,

Ticona-Quea

et al. 2024

Foods

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“…La toxicidad de los plaguicidas en base a las mezclas químicas detectadas en el medio ambiente puede evaluarse mediante comparaciones con valores de calidad ambiental y efectos ecotoxicológicos en especies bioindicadoras clave (Iannacone & Lamas, 2002;Lin et al, 2021;Pérez et al, 2021). Se ha señalado que la toxicidad permite hallar la naturaleza y la trascendencia del riesgo del contaminante, en este caso los agroquímicos convencionales, empleando los contextos más graves y de peor exposición en el ecosistema (Peñafiel-Sandoval & Iannacone, 2020).…”

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Toxicity of conventional pesticides on the ecosystem services of terrestrial arthropod fauna in cocoa (Theobroma cacao) cultivation in San Martin, Peru

GARAY-CRISANTO

Sotomayor-Chavez

Alarcón-Iman

et al. 2022

Rev. Soc. Entomol. Arg.

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Toxicity of four pesticides in ecosystem services of terrestrial arthropofauna in cocoa cultivation was evaluated. Cypermethrin (T1), carbofuran (T2), copper oxychloride (T3) and chlorpyrifos (T4) were applied in a cocoa farm in San Martín, Peru. Forty pitfall traps were placed for each treatment to capture terrestrial arthropofauna in four evaluations. It is concluded that the families that presented the greatest abundance of individuals were Formicidae, Entomobryidae and Poduridae. For the global evaluation, significant differences were found in the predators for the specific richness index, being T3 the one that presented the lowest numbers; while for the Margalef index, the lowest value was T3. For the analysis by evaluations, significant differences were found in the detritivores during the second evaluation for the number of individuals, with T4 being the lowest number. Significant differences were also found in the predators during the first evaluation in the Margalef index, with the lowest value being observed in T4. The trophic guild that allowed the most efficient evaluation of the toxicity were the predators, T1 is the most compatible pesticide with the terrestrial arthropods associated with cocoa cultivation, and the alpha diversity indices showed significant differences between the applied pesticides.

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