Effect of uniform distribution of α phase on mechanical, shape memory and pseudoelastic properties of Ti–6Cr–3Sn alloy

Comparison of Bond Order, Metal d Orbital Energy Level, Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of Ti–Cr–Sn and Ti–Ag–Sn Alloys

“…46,55,61) As it is well known that the shape memory alloys undergo stress-induced martensitic transformation and detwinning of initial twinned martensitic structure upon mechanical loading. 26,52,57) Position of these alloys fall in the twinning region of B 0 -M d phase stability map. For stable ¢ titanium alloys in the B 0 -M d phase stability map, ¢ phase remains stable upon mechanical loading, ¢ phase does not undergo stress induced martensitic transformation and for stable ¢ titanium alloys e.g., Ti9Cr3Sn, 26) slip is the dominant deformation mechanism.…”

“…Hosoda-Inamura research group also reported the ageing behavior of Ti6Cr3Sn alloy from 3731173 K ageing treatments. 30,31,57,58) Silver (Ag) is classified as one of the most biocompatible inert transition metal and has much higher electromotive force than titanium. 32) Ag is also ¢ phase stabilizer in titanium alloys.…”

“…13) Shape memory and superelastic properties of metastable ¢ type titanium alloys are related to thermoelastic orthorhombic twinned martensitic (¡AA) phase transformation from parent ¢ phase upon cooling, detwinned martensite upon loading and reverse transformation from ¡AA to ¢ phase upon unloading (e.g., superelasticity) or upon heating (e.g., shape memory effect). 4) There are many reports especially related to TiNb 57) and TiMo 810) based ¢ titanium alloys for biomedical and engineering applications. Hosoda-Inamura research group is also working on ¢-titanium alloys for last about ten years.…”

Strengthening of β Ti–6Cr–3Sn alloy through β grain refinement, α phase precipitation and resulting effects on shape memory properties

“…A new methodology in the form of step heat-treatment at 973 K in (a þb) region for Ti-6Cr-3Sn alloy has resulted uniform distribution of a phase in b phase matrix [27] due to heterogeneous nucleation of a phase using already precipitated o phase as precursors [28]. Both mechanical and shape memory properties were enhanced due to uniform precipitation of a phase in b phase matrix due to effective increase in critical stress for slip deformation and retention of remaining b phase in metastable state [27].…”

“…A new methodology in the form of step heat-treatment at 973 K in (a þb) region for Ti-6Cr-3Sn alloy has resulted uniform distribution of a phase in b phase matrix [27] due to heterogeneous nucleation of a phase using already precipitated o phase as precursors [28]. Both mechanical and shape memory properties were enhanced due to uniform precipitation of a phase in b phase matrix due to effective increase in critical stress for slip deformation and retention of remaining b phase in metastable state [27]. So in this study, we also compared the strengthening of b Ti-6Cr-3Sn alloy through b grain refinement with our recently reported strengthening due to uniform a phase precipitation in b phase matrix of b Ti-6Cr-3Sn alloy [27] and resulting effects on shape memory properties of b…”