Effect of ultrasound power and calcination temperature on the sonochemical synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles for textile dyes treatment

Abstract

Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were synthesized by sonochemical technique using copper nitrate trihydrate and ammonium carbonate as precursors in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The reagents aqueous solution are exposed to ultrasound at different ultrasound power of 44, 66, 88, 110, and 132 W. The precipitated product was calcined at the temperatures of 4008C, 5008C, 6008C, and 7008C. The size, structure, and morphology of calcined CuO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). From the XRD observation, it is evident that the high purity CuO nanoparticles ranging from approximately 14 to approximately 54 nm were obtained. Additionally, SEM and EDAX investigation revealed that its structure and particle size are strongly dependent on the calcination temperature than ultrasound power. Most of the CuO nanoparticles formed were spherical in shape. Further, the application of the synthesized CuO nanoparticles toward the treatment of textile organic dyes such as Reactive Black 5 and Basic Blue 3 showed the synthesized CuO was highly effective in degradation of the environmental pollutants.

Green Synthesis of Flower-Shaped Copper Oxide and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles via Capparis decidua Leaf Extract for Synergic Adsorption-Photocatalytic Degradation of Pesticides

“…The peaks associated with C signal in both EDX spectra were attributed to remaining impurities of organic plant extracts (e.g., flavonoids, polyphenol, proteins) on the nanoparticles. These results agree with the phyto-synthetic processes of CuO and ZnO from Azadirachta indica previously reported in the literature [66]. The FTIR spectra of CuO and NiO nanoparticles synthesized using Capparis decidua leaf extract are shown in Figure 3.…”

Andean Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L.) Leaf-Mediated Synthesis of Cu2O Nanoparticles: A Low-Cost Approach

“…Copper is one of the most important elements used worldwide for various purposes. In particular, copper oxide nanoparticles have received great attention because of their low cost, high yield, mild reaction conditions and fantastic applications in batteries [ 3 ], catalysis [ 4 ], optical devices [ 5 ], printed electronics [ 6 ], anticancer therapeutics, sensing, antioxidants [ 7 ], antimicrobial activities [ 8 ], fuel cells [ 9 ], bioimaging [ 10 ], dye removal [ 11 ], gas sensors [ 12 ], etc.…”

Sonochemical Synthesis of Differently‐Sized Nanoparticles of a Silver(I) Compound: An Optical, Anticancer, and Thermal Activity Evaluation Study

“…Due to high intense collapse and very high velocity of shock waves at higher temperatures, the population density of the formed precipitates might increase which in turn results in collision and agglomeration among the particles leading to larger sized compound 1 nanoparticles after sonication. At lower temperatures, the collision and agglomeration of particles are limited due to less intense collapse and lower velocity of shock waves and hence, smaller sized compound 1 nanoparticles after sonication [30] . It should be mentioned that synthesis of compound 1 nanoparticles in low reaction temperatures led to low yields even at high power.…”

“…At lower temperatures, the collision and agglomeration of particles are limited due to less intense collapse and lower velocity of shock waves and hence, smaller sized compound 1 nanoparticles after sonication. [30] It should be mentioned that synthesis of compound 1 nanoparticles in low reaction temperatures led to low yields even at high power.…”