Effect of ultrasound application on fat mobilization

Implicações da lipoclasia dermossônica no metabolismo energético e na composição corporal de ratos Wistar saudáveis

“…Likewise, in the evaluation of body composition, there was a significant reduction in the obesity index (Lee's Index) among the DLC-treated rats, possibly due to the reduction of inguinal subcutaneous fat (lipolysis), effects already described in nonobese animals 6,8 . Nevertheless, it was interesting to observe the reductions in the RET and PR fat deposits ( fat pads) without any changes in the EP fat pad in healthy males, considering the distance between the epididymal and perirenal fat deposits, as the former is anatomically closer to the US-stimulated areas than the perirenal fat pad.…”

“…Some evidence and several reports in the literature 20,21,25 show that, in this compartment of the WAT (i.e. the subcutaneous fat pad) of humans and rodents, there is a greater capacity for leptin expression, synthesis, and secretion, as well as other proinflammatory adipokines, namely the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) [4][5][6][7] . In addition, they make it clear that high levels of these adipokines lead to expressive cardiovascular repercussions, and also modulate important neuropeptide functions and anorexigen hormones in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus 17,28,29 .…”

“…The broad use of ultrasound therapy in several health branches made it possible to identify several different biological effects of low-intensity ultrasound (US) in a number of tissues [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] , namely fibrinolytic effects 9 , as well as thrombolytic 10 , lipolytic 6,8 , angiogenic 13 , enzymatic 5,14 , and oxidative effects 13 , as well as synergic in vasoactive drugs 4,5 , to name but a few 3,11 . All of these effects are directly associated with the dosages used (power, frequency, time-length), and also with the responsiveness of the biological tissue exposed, i.e.…”

“…dosages and ways to apply them -to bring about local changes in the biological tissue exposed [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] .…”

“…Miwa et al 6 have recently showed that the US application on the white adipose tissue (WAT) of rats, in different frequencies, promotes an increase in the local secretion of noradrenaline by the sympathetic nervous system, causing local lipolysis and the mobilization of fat by the release of free fatty acids (FFA). Besides, Kogure et al 7 reported that the stimulation through US not only produced the lipolysis of the subcutaneous WAT with FFA release, but also boosted the synthesis of the family of type-2 and type-3 mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats by means of a mechanism other than exercise.…”