Effect of Ultrasonic Activation of Irrigants on Smear Layer Removal

Schmidt, Tamer Ferreira; Teixeira, Cleonice da Silveira; Felippe, Mara Cristina Santos; Felippe, Wilson Tadeu; Pashley, David H.; Bortoluzzi, Eduardo Antunes

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2015.03.023

Cited by 75 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is widely used in clinical practice because it removes the contaminated smear layer and debris formed during CMP, opening the dentinal tubules to receive an intracanal medication or an endodontic sealer (Schmidt et al . ). EDTA acts on the deep layers (≈130 μm) of contaminated dentine not reached by CMP (Martinho et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical efficacy of EDTA ultrasonic activation in the reduction of endotoxins and cultivable bacteria

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical efficacy of EDTA ultrasonic activation in the reduction of endotoxins and cultivable bacteria

et al. 2016

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“…, Schmidt et al . , Tanomaru‐Filho et al . ), and information from micro‐CT studies on the performance of these devices regarding removal of AHTD from isthmuses of mesial root canals in mandibular molars is scarce and limited to UAI (Paqué et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐CT evaluation of sonically and ultrasonically activated irrigation on the removal of hard‐tissue debris from isthmus‐containing mesial root canal systems of mandibular molars

et al. 2019

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Aim To evaluate the efficacy of sonically and ultrasonically activated irrigation on removal of accumulated hard‐tissue debris (AHTD) in mesial root canal systems of mandibular molars using micro‐computed tomographic (micro‐CT) analysis. Methodology Forty mesial roots of mandibular molars with two independent canals joined apically by an isthmus (Vertucci type II) were selected. The root canals were instrumented using Reciproc R25 instruments, and specimens were scanned at a resolution of 10.5 μm. Subsequently, n = 10 roots were assigned to each of the four final irrigation groups such that the group means and variances were almost identical: sonically activated irrigation with EndoActivator (EA) or EDDY (ED), ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI) and manual irrigation without activation (MI). The final irrigation procedures were performed using a total of 5 mL 1% NaOCl and 5 mL 15% EDTA per canal over 5 min with activation time of 4 × 20 s. Reconstructed data sets were coregistered, and the mean percentage reduction of AHTD after final irrigation was compared statistically between groups using analysis of variance at a significance level set at 5%. Results A significant reduction of AHTD was achieved after final irrigation in all groups (P < 0.05), ranging from 44.1% to 66.8%. The vol% of debris after irrigation was 3.7 ± 1.9% for EA, 3.3 ± 2.3% for ED, 2.1 ± 1.6% for UAI and 4.4 ± 2.3% for MI, with no significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions None of the final irrigation protocols completely removed AHTD from mesial root canal systems in extracted human mandibular molars. Sonically and ultrasonically activated irrigation performed no better compared to manual irrigation.

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“…The success of endodontic treatment depends on cleaning, disinfection and shaping of the root canal system (1). The root canal system is anatomically complex, and mechanical instrumentation does not provide a fully prepared root canal surface (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intermediate Flush Using Different Devices to Prevent Chemical Smear Layer Formation

et al. 2017

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This study compared the effect of intermediate flush with distilled water delivered by conventional irrigation, EndoVac microcannula or Self-Adjusting File (SAF) system in the prevention of chemical smear layer (CSL) formation. Thirty human premolars were used. Canals were prepared with Reciproc system and 5.25% NaOCl. After chemomechanical preparation, samples were divided in 3 groups (n=10) according to the intermediate irrigation protocol with distilled water using: conventional irrigation, EndoVac microcannula or SAF. A final flush with 2% chlorhexidine solution was used and scanning electron microscopy was performed to assess protocol effectiveness. Two calibrated evaluators attributed scores according the presence or absence of CSL on the surface of the root canal walls at the coronal, middle and apical thirds, as follows: (1) no CSL; (2) small amounts of CSL; (3) moderate CSL; and (4) heavy CSL. Differences between protocols were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used for comparison between each root canal third. SAF resulted in less formation of CSL when compared with the conventional irrigation and EndoVac microcannula (p<0.05). When root canal thirds were analyzed, conventional irrigation and EndoVac groups showed less CSL formation at coronal and middle thirds in comparison to the apical third (p<0.05). In SAF group, there was no difference among the thirds (p>0.05). It may be concluded that an intermediate flush of distilled water, delivered by the SAF system resulted in a better reduction of CSL formation during chemomechanical preparation.

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Effect of Ultrasonic Activation of Irrigants on Smear Layer Removal

Cited by 75 publications

References 35 publications

Clinical efficacy of EDTA ultrasonic activation in the reduction of endotoxins and cultivable bacteria

Clinical efficacy of EDTA ultrasonic activation in the reduction of endotoxins and cultivable bacteria

Micro‐CT evaluation of sonically and ultrasonically activated irrigation on the removal of hard‐tissue debris from isthmus‐containing mesial root canal systems of mandibular molars

Effect of Intermediate Flush Using Different Devices to Prevent Chemical Smear Layer Formation

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