Effect of Type of Cutting Tips on Cutting Forces in Turning

Abstract

The production process is a role of the management system consisting in determining the optimum, most economical or productive conditions for implementing a particular manufacturing operation. The management system of production process should ensure that the given process complies with its intended use without undesirable failures or risks Vysočanská et al., 2009).The machining of materials is a working process by which a semi-finished product obtains the required shape and dimensions of a part by removing the material from the surface layer. The most widespread method of machining is cutting in which material is removed in the form of chips by mutual interaction of the tool and workpiece. Based on a long-term development of cutting materials, creating a completely new cutting material cannot be expected in the near future; therefore, the research of leading manufacturers of tools and cutting materials is primarily aimed at improving existing materials, specifying their optimal use, and exactly defining fields of their application.In the cutting process, the cutting part of the tool is exposed to high temperatures, mechanical stress, friction, vibrations and sudden thermal and mechanical shocks. Therefore, the measurement and examination of material behaviour under these conditions is an integral part of the research and development of cutting materials.The aim is to monitor and evaluate changes in cutting forces between the cutting tool and workpiece in turning, induced by different properties of individual cutting tips, and also monitoring changes in these characteristics in three different speeds of the lathe spindle.We have focused on studying the effect of cutting material (exchangeable cutting tip) and chip former geometry on cutting forces. In order to monitor the effect of one factor only, measurement conditions were necessary to be ensured so as to eliminate other factors that could influence the change in these parameters. We used the cutting tips of the same type (DNMG 150608), of various cutting materials, and with several chip former types. When assessing the effect of cutting material, we compared only those tips the only distinguishing feature of which was cutting material. We proceeded in the same way when assessing the effect of the geometry of cutting tips chip former. Furthermore, we were also interested in how individual cutting tips behave at different speeds; therefore, our measurements were conducted at three different speeds, i.e. n 1 = 710 rpm -1 , n 2 = 1,400 rpm -1 and n 3 = 2,240 rpm -1. Other cutting conditions were held constant, i.e. cut depth a p = 1 mm and feed rate f = 0.1 mm -1 . Steel 11 523 belonging to the group P was used as a material sample. The cutting tips used for our measurements are intended for machining this group of materials. Characteristics of sampleFour samples of the same shape, size and material were used for the experiment.The dimensions of the sample are shown in Figure 1. The sample was clamped using a three-jaw chuck. Since we needed to avoid vibration, ...

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Effect of Shift in Speed Turning on Machined Surface Quality

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